Pełnomocnictwo pozwoli zarządowi reprezentować właściciela.

Because the verb pozwolić normally takes the person who is being allowed in the dative case.

So the pattern is:

pozwolić komuś zrobić coś = to allow someone to do something

Here:

• zarząd = the management / the board
• zarządowi = to the management / to the board (dative)

So:

Pełnomocnictwo pozwoli zarządowi reprezentować właściciela.
literally: The power of attorney will allow the board to represent the owner.

Because właściciela is in the accusative case, since it is the direct object of reprezentować.

The infinitive reprezentować means to represent, and it takes an object:

• reprezentować kogo? co? = to represent whom? what?

Here the object is właściciel (owner).
Since właściciel is a masculine animate noun, its accusative singular looks like the genitive singular:

• nominative: właściciel
• accusative: właściciela

That is very common in Polish with masculine animate nouns.

Pozwoli is the 3rd person singular future form of pozwolić.

Here the subject is pełnomocnictwo, which is singular and neuter, so the verb is singular:

• pełnomocnictwo pozwoli = the power of attorney will allow

A useful point: pozwolić is a perfective verb, so it does not normally have a present-tense meaning. Forms like pozwolę, pozwoli, pozwolimy are used for the future.

Compare:

• pozwala = allows / is allowing (imperfective: pozwalać)
• pozwoli = will allow (perfective: pozwolić)

So this sentence is talking about a future result or legal effect.

Because Polish commonly uses this structure:

pozwolić komuś + infinitive

So:

• pozwolić zarządowi reprezentować właściciela = to allow the board to represent the owner

This works very much like English allow someone to do something.

You could also see another structure:

• pozwolić komuś na coś
• pozwolić komuś na zrobienie czegoś

But with an action verb, pozwolić komuś + infinitive is very natural and common.

Zarząd can mean management, the management board, or the board depending on context.

In legal or business Polish, it often refers to the body that manages a company or organization.

So in this sentence, zarządowi most likely means:

• to the management board or
• to the management

The exact English translation depends on the institution being described.

Not the same.

• pełnomocnictwo = power of attorney / authorization
• pełnomocnik = attorney-in-fact / proxy / authorized representative

So:

• pełnomocnictwo is the document or legal authorization
• pełnomocnik is the person who receives that authority

In this sentence, pełnomocnictwo is the thing that gives legal permission.

Yes, it sounds quite formal and definitely legal/business-oriented.

Words like:

• pełnomocnictwo
• zarząd
• reprezentować
• właściciela

all belong naturally in legal, administrative, or corporate contexts.

In everyday conversation, people would usually say something simpler unless they were specifically talking about legal authority or company representation.

The word order is fairly natural, but Polish word order is more flexible than English because case endings show the grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

Pełnomocnictwo pozwoli zarządowi reprezentować właściciela.

You could rearrange it for emphasis, for example:

• Zarządowi pełnomocnictwo pozwoli reprezentować właściciela.
• Właściciela pełnomocnictwo pozwoli zarządowi reprezentować.

These are grammatically possible, but they sound more marked or emphatic.
For a learner, the original order is the safest and most natural.

Yes. That is a very reasonable translation.

A few words here have more than one possible English equivalent:

• pełnomocnictwo = power of attorney, authorization
• zarząd = management, management board, board
• właściciel = owner, sometimes proprietor

So the best English version depends on the context. If this is a company/legal document, power of attorney and management board may be the most precise.

The hardest words are usually pełnomocnictwo and właściciela.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• pełnomocnictwo ≈ pew-no-mots-NEETS-tvo
• pozwoli ≈ poz-VO-lee
• zarządowi ≈ za-zhon-DO-vee
• reprezentować ≈ re-pre-zen-TO-vach
• właściciela ≈ vwash-chee-TSYE-la

A few sound notes:

• ł sounds like English w
• rz often sounds like zh
• ą is a nasal vowel; before some consonants it sounds closer to on/om
• ć / ci gives a soft ch-like sound
• wł- at the start of właściciela can be difficult; it begins with a v sound, not an English w

So właściciela starts more like vwash-..., not wash-... or wlash-...

Yes, that is an excellent way to understand it.

The structure is:

• X = pełnomocnictwo
• allows
• Y = zarządowi
• to do Z = reprezentować właściciela

So:

Pełnomocnictwo
pozwoli
zarządowi
reprezentować właściciela

= The power of attorney will allow the board to represent the owner.

That is a very useful pattern to remember for Polish: pozwolić komuś zrobić coś.