Kosztorys pokazuje cenę remontu.

Because cenę is in the accusative case. In this sentence, cena is the direct object of pokazuje (shows), so it has to change from the dictionary form cena to cenę.

• nominative: cena = price
• accusative: cenę = price, as the thing being shown

So Kosztorys pokazuje cenę remontu literally means The estimate shows the price of the renovation.

Because remontu is in the genitive case. After a noun like cena (price), Polish often uses the genitive to express of something.

So:

• cena remontu = the price of the renovation
• literally: price of renovation

This is very common in Polish:

• koszt remontu = cost of the renovation
• plan domu = plan of the house
• kolor samochodu = color of the car

Kosztorys means cost estimate, estimate, or sometimes cost breakdown, depending on context.

It is not just the general idea of a cost. It usually refers to a document or calculation showing expected expenses for some work, such as construction or renovation.

In this sentence, kosztorys is the thing that displays or lists the price.

Because kosztorys is a third-person singular noun, so the verb must match it.

The verb is pokazywać = to show.
Its present-tense forms include:

• pokazuję = I show
• pokazujesz = you show
• pokazuje = he/she/it shows
• pokazujemy = we show
• pokazujecie = you all show
• pokazują = they show

Since kosztorys is it, Polish uses pokazuje = shows.

Here it is present tense, meaning shows.

The verb pokazywać is also imperfective, which means it can describe:

• something happening now,
• something habitual,
• or something generally true.

So this sentence can mean:

• The estimate shows the renovation price
• The estimate is showing the renovation price
• The estimate shows the price of the renovation as a general fact

The exact English translation depends on context, but shows is the most natural basic translation.

Yes, Polish word order is more flexible than English because cases show the grammatical roles.

The most neutral order here is:

• Kosztorys = subject
• pokazuje = verb
• cenę remontu = object

So Kosztorys pokazuje cenę remontu is the most straightforward version.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Cenę remontu pokazuje kosztorys = It is the estimate that shows the renovation price
• Remontu cenę pokazuje kosztorys = possible, but quite marked and unnatural in normal speech

So the original order is the best standard one.

Polish often shows this through case endings.

In this sentence:

• Kosztorys is nominative, so it is the subject
• cenę is accusative, so it is the direct object
• remontu is genitive, depending on cenę

Even if you moved the words around, the endings would still help identify their roles.

That is one of the biggest differences from English, where word order does much more of this work.

Grammatically, it is of the renovation because it is genitive after cena.

But in natural English, we often simplify:

• the price of the renovation
• the renovation price in some contexts, though this is less common
• the cost of the renovation if the meaning fits

So the Polish structure is clearly price + of + renovation, even if English sometimes expresses the idea a little differently.

Remont usually means renovation, refurbishment, or major repair work, especially for a flat, house, room, or building.

It is broader and heavier than a small everyday repair.

For example:

• remont mieszkania = renovation of an apartment
• remont domu = house renovation
• remont drogi = road repair/road works

So in this sentence, remontu most likely refers to a renovation project rather than a tiny fix.

Yes, that is also correct, but it means something slightly different.

• cena remontu = the price of the renovation
• koszt remontu = the cost of the renovation

In many everyday contexts, these can overlap. But there can be a nuance:

• cena often suggests the stated or quoted price
• koszt often suggests the actual cost or expense involved

So Kosztorys pokazuje cenę remontu focuses on the price shown in the estimate, while Kosztorys pokazuje koszt remontu may sound a bit more like the expense itself.

The dictionary forms are:

• kosztorys = cost estimate
• pokazywać = to show
• cena = price
• remont = renovation, major repair

In the sentence, two of these forms change:

• cena → cenę because it is accusative
• remont → remontu because it is genitive

Kosztorys stays the same here because masculine inanimate nouns often have the same form in nominative and accusative, and here it is nominative anyway as the subject.