Learn Hardcore Polish: Ty masz pieniądze?

The pronoun ty means “you” (singular, informal). Polish verbs carry person information in their endings (here -sz on masz), so ty is not grammatically required. You include ty only for emphasis or clarity. In everyday speech you can simply say Masz pieniądze?.

What is the infinitive form of masz, and what does it literally mean?

The infinitive is mieć, which means to have. Masz is the second-person singular present form, literally you have.

Which grammatical case is pieniądze in, and why?

Pieniądze is in the accusative case because it’s the direct object of the verb mieć (to have). As an inanimate plural noun, its nominative and accusative forms look the same, so pieniądze serves both roles.

How do I pronounce pieniądze correctly?

A close approximation is pyeh-NYAWN-dzeh:

pi like “pee” (shorter)
e like “e” in “let”
ą is nasal, similar to French “on”
dż like “j” in “jar”
final e like “eh”

How can I make this question more formal or polite?