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Questions & Answers about Mam nowy telefon, ale twój telefon jest większy.
Why is there a comma before ale?
In Polish you separate two independent clauses with a comma when they’re joined by ale (but). Here Mam nowy telefon and twój telefon jest większy are both full clauses, so you write:
Mam nowy telefon, ale twój telefon jest większy.
Why doesn’t Polish use an article like a or the in Mam nowy telefon?
Polish has no articles. Whether something is indefinite or definite comes from context or additional words.
- Mam nowy telefon can mean “I have a new phone.”
- If you need “the new phone,” you’d say Mam ten nowy telefon (“I have this new phone”).
What case is telefon in after mam, and why does its form stay telefon?
After mam (1 sg. of mieć, “to have”), telefon is in the accusative case (direct object). Because telefon is a masculine inanimate noun, its accusative form is identical to the nominative, so it remains telefon.
Why is mam not accompanied by ja for “I”?
Polish verbs are conjugated to show person and number, so you normally drop the subject pronoun. Mam by itself means “I have.” You could say ja mam to emphasize “I,” but it’s optional.
What does ale mean, and how is it different from i or a?
- ale means but and marks a clear contrast.
- i means and (simple addition).
- a can also mean and or whereas, but with a milder contrast or shift of topic.
Since this sentence shows a strong contrast (“I have one phone, but yours is bigger”), ale is the right choice.
How is the comparative większy formed, and why don’t we say bardziej duży?
Many Polish adjectives have their own comparative forms instead of using bardziej (“more”). The adjective duży (“big”) changes to większy (“bigger”) by an irregular stem change. You only use bardziej with adjectives that lack a built-in comparative (e.g. bardziej interesujący – “more interesting”).
Why is it większy and not większe?
Adjectives and pronouns in Polish agree with the noun’s gender, number, and case.
- większy is masculine singular nominative (matching telefon).
- większe would be neuter singular or non-personal plural.
What kind of word is twój, and why does it agree with telefon?
Twój is a possessive pronoun meaning your. Like adjectives, possessive pronouns agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify. Since telefon is masculine singular nominative, the correct form is twój.
Why is twój spelled with ó, and how do you pronounce it?
Polish ó is pronounced /u/ (like English “oo”). It reflects a historical pronunciation and distinguishes it in writing from u. So twój is pronounced [tuj].
Can you omit telefon in the second clause, and why would you?
Yes. To avoid repetition you can say:
Mam nowy telefon, ale twój jest większy.
Here twój (“yours”) stands in for twój telefon because the noun is understood from context.
Where does the stress fall in Mam nowy telefon, ale twój telefon jest większy?
Polish words are almost always stressed on the penultimate syllable. The stress pattern here is:
- MAM NO-wy TE-le-fon
- AL-e TWÓJ TE-le-fon jest WIĘK-szy
