Wytrzyj krzesło, proszę.

Wipe the chair, please.

Breakdown of Wytrzyj krzesło, proszę.

• krzesło: the chair
• proszę: please
• wytrzeć: to wipe

Questions & Answers about Wytrzyj krzesło, proszę.

What is the role and formation of wytrzyj in this sentence?

Wytrzyj is the second person singular imperative form of the perfective verb wytrzeć, meaning “to wipe” or “to dry off.” In Polish, giving a direct command uses the imperative mood. The ending -yj is a result of the verb’s conjugation pattern in the singular informal form, indicating that the command is directed at one person with whom the speaker is on familiar terms.

Why is krzesło in its given form, and what case does it represent?

Krzesło means “chair” and functions as the direct object of the verb. In Polish, the object of a transitive verb like wytrzeć is in the accusative case. Since krzesło is a neuter noun, its nominative and accusative forms are identical, so the word appears unchanged in this sentence.

What purpose does proszę serve at the end of the sentence?

Proszę is equivalent to “please” in English. Although the imperative command wytrzyj is quite direct, adding proszę softens the tone and makes the command polite. Its placement at the end of the sentence is common in Polish when making a courteous request.

Is the command given in a formal or informal register, and how would you adjust it for a more formal context?

The use of the singular imperative wytrzyj indicates an informal command, suitable for addressing someone with whom the speaker is familiar. In a formal situation, you might use the plural form—Wytrzyjcie krzesło, proszę—or rephrase the request using a conditional form, for example: Czy mógłby/mogłaby Pan/Pani wytrzeć krzesło? This adjustment reflects a higher level of politeness and respect.

Does changing the word order in this sentence affect its meaning?

Polish has a relatively flexible word order because of its case system, so reordering the words often changes the emphasis rather than the fundamental meaning. The typical structure—imperative verb first, object second, and proszę at the end—clearly distinguishes the command and the polite request element. Moving proszę to the beginning or rearranging the parts can subtly shift the focus but will still convey essentially the same instruction as long as the case forms remain clear.