Wypożyczalnia kajaków daje wiosło i kamizelkę asekuracyjną.

Because kajaków is the genitive plural of kajak.

In wypożyczalnia kajaków, the first noun wypożyczalnia means rental place / rental shop, and the second noun often goes in the genitive to show what kind of place it is.

So literally, this is something like:

• wypożyczalnia kajaków = rental place of kayaks
• more naturally: kayak rental

This is a very common pattern in Polish:

• wypożyczalnia rowerów = bike rental
• wypożyczalnia samochodów = car rental

Wypożyczalnia is a noun meaning rental shop, rental place, or place where things are lent out.

It comes from the verb wypożyczać / wypożyczyć, which means to lend or to rent out, depending on context.

So:

• wypożyczalnia kajaków = kayak rental place
• wypożyczyć kajak = to rent a kayak

English separates lend and rent, but Polish often uses related words in a broader way depending on context.

Because the subject is wypożyczalnia, which is singular.

• wypożyczalnia = one rental place
• daje = gives / provides in 3rd person singular

So the grammar is:

• Wypożyczalnia = subject
• daje = verb
• wiosło i kamizelkę asekuracyjną = objects

Even though kajaków is plural, it is not the subject. It only describes what kind of rental place it is.

Yes, daje literally means gives, but in this sentence a more natural English translation is often provides or includes.

So depending on context, this could mean:

• the rental place gives you a paddle and a safety vest
• the rental place provides a paddle and a safety vest
• the rental includes a paddle and a safety vest

In practical usage, daje can sound a bit broader than a literal transfer of ownership.

Because both nouns are direct objects, so they are in the accusative case. But different noun genders behave differently.

• wiosło is neuter
• kamizelka is feminine

In the singular accusative:

• many neuter inanimate nouns look the same as the nominative
  
  • wiosło → wiosło
• many feminine nouns ending in -a change to -ę
  • kamizelka → kamizelkę

So:

• daje wiosło = gives a paddle
• daje kamizelkę = gives a vest

Because adjectives in Polish must agree with the noun they describe in:

• gender
• number
• case

The noun is kamizelkę, which is:

• feminine
• singular
• accusative

So the adjective must match it:

• kamizelka asekuracyjna = nominative
• kamizelkę asekuracyjną = accusative

That is why both words change together.

Not always exactly.

Kamizelka asekuracyjna usually means a buoyancy aid or safety vest used for water activities like kayaking. It helps keep you afloat, but it is not always the same as a full life jacket.

A stronger, more rescue-oriented term is often:

• kamizelka ratunkowa = life jacket

So kamizelka asekuracyjna suggests safety equipment for support in the water, especially in sports contexts.

Because Polish does not use articles like English does.

So Polish nouns can mean:

• a paddle
• the paddle

depending on context.

In this sentence:

• wiosło could mean a paddle or the paddle
• kamizelkę asekuracyjną could mean a safety vest or the safety vest

You understand which one is meant from the situation, not from an article.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English because case endings show grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

• Wypożyczalnia kajaków daje wiosło i kamizelkę asekuracyjną.

But other orders are possible, especially for emphasis, for example:

• Wiosło i kamizelkę asekuracyjną daje wypożyczalnia kajaków.
• Kamizelkę asekuracyjną i wiosło daje wypożyczalnia kajaków.

These versions are still grammatical, but the original sentence sounds the most neutral and straightforward.

Grammatically, yes: it says a paddle and a safety vest in the singular.

But in real-life context, Polish often uses singular nouns in this kind of statement to describe what is provided per person, per kayak, or per rental, depending on the situation.

So it does not necessarily mean there is only one total. It often means something like:

• you get a paddle and a safety vest
• each rental comes with a paddle and a safety vest

Context tells you the exact practical meaning.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

vih-poh-zhy-CHAL-nya ka-YA-koof DA-ye VYAW-swoh ee ka-mee-ZEL-ken as-eh-koo-ra-TSYI-non

A few useful pronunciation notes:

• w sounds like English v
• ł sounds like English w
• j sounds like English y
• rz and ż usually sound like the s in measure
• ą is a nasal vowel; at the end of asekuracyjną it often sounds roughly like on

Stress in Polish usually falls on the second-to-last syllable:

• wypożyczALnia
• kajaKÓW
• kaMIzelkę
• asekuraCYJną