Firma wyjaśnia szczegóły recyklingu.

Polish does not use articles. So Firma wyjaśnia szczegóły recyklingu can mean:

• The company explains the details of recycling
• A company explains recycling details
• The company is explaining the details of recycling

The exact meaning depends on context.

Here is the basic breakdown:

• Firma — company, the subject of the sentence
• wyjaśnia — explains / is explaining
• szczegóły — details, the direct object
• recyklingu — of recycling, linked to szczegóły

So structurally it is:

• Firma = who does the action
• wyjaśnia = the action
• szczegóły recyklingu = what is being explained

Wyjaśnia is the 3rd person singular present tense form of wyjaśniać.

It matches firma because firma is singular: one company.

So:

• ja wyjaśniam — I explain
• ty wyjaśniasz — you explain
• on/ona/ono wyjaśnia — he/she/it explains
• firma wyjaśnia — the company explains

Even though firma is grammatically feminine, in the present tense the verb form depends mainly on person and number, so the important thing here is that it is singular.

It can mean both, depending on context.

Polish present tense often covers both:

• explains
• is explaining

So Firma wyjaśnia szczegóły recyklingu could mean either:

• The company explains the details of recycling
• The company is explaining the details of recycling

If you want to know which one is intended, you usually need context.

Szczegóły is the plural of szczegół meaning detail.

In this sentence it is the direct object of wyjaśnia, so it is in the accusative plural.

But for masculine inanimate nouns like szczegół, the accusative plural looks the same as the nominative plural.

So:

• nominative plural: szczegóły
• accusative plural: szczegóły

That is why you do not see a change here.

Because after szczegóły you usually use the genitive to express details of something.

So:

• szczegóły czego? — details of what?
• recyklingu — of recycling

This is why recykling changes to recyklingu.

It is the genitive singular form of recykling.

Because Polish often shows relationships like of X by changing the noun’s case ending instead of adding a separate word.

In English:

• details of recycling

In Polish:

• szczegóły recyklingu

The ending -u on recyklingu already carries the of recycling idea.

Yes, firma is a feminine noun.

You can often tell because many feminine nouns end in -a.

In this specific sentence, its gender does not strongly affect the present-tense verb form, because wyjaśnia is just the standard 3rd person singular form.

But gender would matter in other places, for example:

• with adjectives: duża firma — a big company
• in the past tense: firma wyjaśniała — the company was explaining / explained

So yes, firma is feminine, and that matters in Polish grammar, even if it is not very visible here.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English because case endings show grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

• Firma wyjaśnia szczegóły recyklingu.

But you could also say:

• Szczegóły recyklingu wyjaśnia firma.
• Wyjaśnia firma szczegóły recyklingu.

These versions may sound more marked or emphasize different parts of the sentence, but they are still grammatical.

English relies much more on fixed word order, while Polish relies more on case.

It is related in meaning, but in modern Polish firma most commonly means:

• company
• business
• enterprise

So in this sentence, firma clearly means company, not the English adjective firm meaning solid or not soft.

Wyjaśniać is imperfective.

That matters because imperfective verbs are used for:

• ongoing actions
• repeated actions
• general statements

So wyjaśnia fits meanings like:

• explains
• is explaining
• does explain

Its perfective partner is usually wyjaśnić.

Compare:

• Firma wyjaśnia szczegóły recyklingu. — the company explains / is explaining
• Firma wyjaśni szczegóły recyklingu. — the company will explain / will clarify (completed future action)

A rough English-friendly guide is:

• Firma ≈ FEER-ma
• wyjaśnia ≈ vih-YASH-nya
• szczegóły ≈ shche-GOO-wih
• recyklingu ≈ reh-tsih-KLEEN-goo

A few useful notes:

• wy does not sound like English why
• ś is a soft sh-like sound
• szcz is a difficult cluster for English speakers; it is roughly like shch
• stress in Polish is usually on the second-to-last syllable

So the sentence stress pattern is roughly:

• FIR-ma wy-JAŚ-nia szcze-GÓ-ły re-cy-KLIN-gu

Yes. This pattern is very common:

• szczegóły planu — details of the plan
• szczegóły projektu — details of the project
• szczegóły umowy — details of the agreement
• szczegóły recyklingu — details of recycling

So a useful pattern to learn is:

• szczegóły + genitive

That will help you build many similar phrases correctly.