Podczas segregacji odpadów każda frakcja ma inny pojemnik.

Podczas means during.

It is a preposition, and it normally takes the genitive case, which is why you get:

• segregacji rather than segregacja
• odpadów rather than odpady

So:

• podczas segregacji odpadów = during the sorting of waste

A very literal breakdown is:

• podczas = during
• segregacji = of sorting
• odpadów = of waste

Because after podczas, Polish uses the genitive.

The base form is:

• segregacja = sorting, separation

But after podczas, it changes to the genitive singular:

• podczas segregacji = during sorting

This is a very common pattern with Polish prepositions: the preposition controls the case of the noun that follows it.

For two reasons:

1. odpadów is governed by segregacji in the phrase segregacja odpadów = sorting of waste
2. It is also inside the larger phrase after podczas, which already requires the genitive structure

The dictionary form is:

• odpady = waste, trash, refuse

Here it becomes odpadów, which is the genitive plural.

This is very natural in Polish. English often says waste sorting, while Polish prefers something more like sorting of waste:

• segregacja odpadów

Because in Polish, odpady is very commonly used as a plural noun meaning waste/refuse in a general sense.

So even though English often uses singular uncountable waste, Polish usually says:

• odpady = waste / trash / refuse

The singular odpad exists, but in everyday environmental or recycling language, the plural odpady is much more normal.

In everyday recycling language, frakcja means a waste category or waste stream, not a mathematical fraction.

So here:

• każda frakcja = each category / each type of waste

For example, different frakcje might be:

• paper
• glass
• plastic
• bio waste
• mixed waste

So a natural English translation would often be each type of waste or each waste category, even though the Polish word is frakcja.

Because każdy changes to match the noun in gender, number, and case.

Here the noun is:

• frakcja — feminine singular, nominative

So the correct form is:

• każda frakcja = each category

Compare:

• każdy pojemnik = each container (masculine)
• każda frakcja = each category (feminine)
• każde okno = each window (neuter)

Because pojemnik is the direct object of ma:

• ma pojemnik = has a container

Direct objects usually go in the accusative case. But with masculine inanimate nouns like pojemnik, the accusative looks the same as the nominative.

So:

• nominative: pojemnik
• accusative: pojemnik

And the adjective matches it:

• inny pojemnik = a different container

If it were a masculine animate noun, the accusative would look different. But pojemnik is inanimate, so the form stays the same.

Inny means different or another.

In this sentence:

• każda frakcja ma inny pojemnik

the idea is that each waste category has a separate/different bin, not the same one.

So depending on context, you might understand inny pojemnik as:

• a different container
• a separate bin
• its own bin

Polish often expresses this idea with mieć (to have):

• każda frakcja ma inny pojemnik = each category has a different container

This sounds natural and means that each type of waste is assigned its own bin.

You could make other sentences, for example:

• Każdą frakcję wrzuca się do innego pojemnika = Each category is thrown into a different container.

But the original sentence is shorter and very idiomatic.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English because the endings show the grammatical relationships.

The original sentence:

• Podczas segregacji odpadów każda frakcja ma inny pojemnik.

is neutral and natural.

You could also say things like:

• Każda frakcja podczas segregacji odpadów ma inny pojemnik.
• Inny pojemnik ma każda frakcja podczas segregacji odpadów.

But these may sound more marked or emphasize different parts of the sentence.

For a learner, the original version is the safest and most natural.

The subject is:

• każda frakcja = each category

You can tell because:

• it is in the nominative
• the verb ma agrees with it in 3rd person singular

So the structure is:

• Podczas segregacji odpadów — time phrase
• każda frakcja — subject
• ma — verb
• inny pojemnik — object

Not exactly.

• pojemnik = container, receptacle, bin
• kosz = bin, basket, trash can

In waste-sorting or municipal language, pojemnik is very common because it sounds a bit more formal and practical. It often refers to the official recycling containers.

So in this sentence, pojemnik is a good choice for container/bin.

A very literal translation would be:

• During the sorting of waste, each category has a different container.

A more natural English version might be:

• When sorting waste, each category has a different bin.
• During waste sorting, each type of waste goes into a different container.

The Polish sentence is compact, but its structure is very logical once you see the cases:

• podczas
  • genitive
• każda frakcja as the subject
• ma
  • direct object