Learn Hardcore Polish: Czy masz niedopłatę, odkąd sprzedawca energii zmienił prognozę zużycia? - Have you had an underpayment since the electricity supplier changed the consumption forecast?

Czy masz niedopłatę, odkąd sprzedawca energii zmienił prognozę zużycia?

Have you had an underpayment since the electricity supplier changed the consumption forecast?

Breakdown of Czy masz niedopłatę, odkąd sprzedawca energii zmienił prognozę zużycia?

Questions & Answers about Czy masz niedopłatę, odkąd sprzedawca energii zmienił prognozę zużycia?

What does Czy do at the beginning of the sentence?

Czy is a yes/no question particle. It signals that the whole sentence is a question, similar to English do / does / is / are when we ask yes/no questions.

So:

Masz niedopłatę. = You have an underpayment / balance due.
Czy masz niedopłatę? = Do you have an underpayment?

In everyday spoken Polish, Czy is often optional, and people may simply rely on intonation:

Masz niedopłatę?

That sounds natural too.

Why is it masz here?

Masz is the 2nd person singular form of mieć (to have), so it means you have.

The subject ty (you) is not stated because Polish usually drops subject pronouns when the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

So:

masz = you have
full version: Czy ty masz niedopłatę...?

Adding ty is possible, but usually only for emphasis or contrast.

What exactly does niedopłatę mean?