Litar pintas menyebabkan gangguan bekalan elektrik.

Malay normally uses a straightforward Subject + Verb + Object order, just like basic English sentences:

• Litar pintas = subject
• menyebabkan = verb
• gangguan bekalan elektrik = object

So Litar pintas menyebabkan gangguan bekalan elektrik literally follows Short circuit causes disruption of electricity supply.

The version gangguan bekalan elektrik disebabkan oleh litar pintas is also correct, but it is the passive version:

• gangguan bekalan elektrik = the thing affected
• disebabkan oleh = is caused by
• litar pintas = by a short circuit

So the difference is mainly:

• active: Litar pintas menyebabkan ...
• passive: ... disebabkan oleh litar pintas

Both are natural, but the active one is shorter and very common.

Yes. Litar pintas is the standard Malay term for short circuit.

It is made up of:

• litar = circuit
• pintas = short / bypassing in this context

Together, litar pintas functions as a fixed technical expression. In real usage, learners should treat it as one vocabulary item meaning short circuit.

Because sebab and menyebabkan are related but used differently.

• sebab often means reason, cause, or can sometimes function in less formal speech as because/cause
• menyebabkan is the verb to cause

In this sentence, you need a clear verb meaning causes, so menyebabkan is the correct choice.

Examples:

• Apakah sebabnya? = What is the reason?
• Kemalangan itu menyebabkan kesesakan. = The accident caused congestion.

So in your sentence, menyebabkan is the proper formal verb.

Menyebabkan comes from the root sebab.

The form is built with:

• meN- prefix, which becomes meny- before certain sounds
• -kan suffix

So:

• sebab → menyebabkan

This pattern often creates a verb meaning to cause something / to make something happen.

A useful way to think about it:

• sebab = cause, reason
• menyebabkan = to cause

The -kan often gives the verb a causative or transitive sense, meaning it acts on an object. Here, the object is gangguan bekalan elektrik.

It breaks down like this:

• gangguan = disturbance, disruption, interference
• bekalan = supply
• elektrik = electric / electricity

So:

• bekalan elektrik = electricity supply / power supply
• gangguan bekalan elektrik = disruption of electricity supply / power outage disturbance / interruption in power supply

In natural English, this whole phrase may be translated in different ways depending on context:

• a power supply disruption
• an electricity supply interruption
• a power outage

Malay often stacks nouns together like this without extra linking words such as of.

Because Malay commonly forms noun phrases by placing nouns next to each other.

So:

• bekalan elektrik literally looks like supply electricity
• but it means electricity supply or supply of electricity

Then:

• gangguan bekalan elektrik literally looks like disruption supply electricity
• but it means disruption of electricity supply

This is very normal in Malay. English often needs of, but Malay usually does not.

Other examples:

• harga makanan = price of food
• bilik mesyuarat = meeting room
• kad kredit = credit card

So the absence of of is completely natural.

In Malay, words are often more flexible than in English. In bekalan elektrik, elektrik describes the type of supply, so in practice it works like an adjective meaning electrical/electric, but it is also understood as relating to electricity.

So:

• bekalan elektrik = electrical supply / electricity supply

Malay does not always sharply separate nouns and adjectives the way English does. What matters more is the position and meaning in the phrase.

No explicit tense is marked here.

Litar pintas menyebabkan gangguan bekalan elektrik can mean:

• A short circuit causes a power disruption
• A short circuit caused a power disruption
• A short circuit causes power outages

The exact time depends on context.

Malay often leaves tense unstated unless there is a time word or marker, such as:

• telah = already / did / has
• sedang = currently / in the process of
• akan = will

For example:

• Litar pintas telah menyebabkan gangguan bekalan elektrik. = A short circuit caused / has caused a power disruption.
• Litar pintas akan menyebabkan gangguan bekalan elektrik. = A short circuit will cause a power disruption.

Malay does not use articles the way English does.

So:

• litar pintas can mean a short circuit or the short circuit
• gangguan bekalan elektrik can mean a power supply disruption or the power supply disruption

The exact meaning depends on context.

If Malay speakers want to be more specific, they may use other words, for example:

• satu litar pintas = one/a short circuit
• gangguan itu = that/the disruption

But in many sentences, no article is needed at all.

It sounds neutral to formal, and it is very natural in technical, news, safety, or official contexts.

Why?

• litar pintas is a standard technical term
• menyebabkan is more formal and precise than very casual alternatives
• gangguan bekalan elektrik is the kind of phrase often used in reports, announcements, and news articles

A more casual spoken version might be shorter or less technical, depending on the situation.

It usually means a disruption or interruption in the electricity supply, which may or may not be a complete blackout.

If you specifically want to say blackout, Malay might use:

• bekalan elektrik terputus = the electricity supply was cut off
• putus bekalan elektrik = power supply interruption / power cut
• blackout is also sometimes used in informal speech

So gangguan bekalan elektrik is slightly broader and more formal than simply blackout.

A simple approximation for English speakers is:

• Litar ≈ LEE-tar
• pintas ≈ PEEN-tas
• menyebabkan ≈ men-ye-bab-kan
• gangguan ≈ gang-goo-an
• bekalan ≈ buh-KAH-lan
• elektrik ≈ eh-LEK-trik

A fuller line: LEE-tar PEEN-tas men-ye-BAB-kan gang-GOO-an buh-KAH-lan eh-LEK-trik

A few pronunciation tips:

• c in Malay is pronounced like ch
• g is usually always hard, as in go
• Malay pronunciation is generally quite regular compared with English
• each vowel is usually pronounced clearly

Yes, in many contexts you can.

• menyebabkan = causes
• mengakibatkan = results in / causes / brings about

Both are fairly formal, but mengakibatkan can sound slightly more formal or written.

So:

• Litar pintas menyebabkan gangguan bekalan elektrik.
• Litar pintas mengakibatkan gangguan bekalan elektrik.

Both are grammatical and natural. For most learners, menyebabkan is the simpler and more common verb to start with.

In standard Malay, that would not be the best choice for this meaning.

If you want to say A short circuit causes a power supply disruption, use:

• Litar pintas menyebabkan gangguan bekalan elektrik.

Using sebab by itself there sounds incomplete or nonstandard for formal written Malay. In casual speech, people sometimes use sebab in looser ways, but learners should stick to menyebabkan for a sentence like this.

So the safe rule is:

• sebab = reason/cause
• menyebabkan = to cause