Fideiussor syngrapham obsignat.

The subject is fideiussor because it is in the nominative singular form. In a simple Latin sentence, the nominative case usually marks the doer of the action.

Here:

• fideiussor = the subject
• syngrapham = the direct object
• obsignat = the verb

So fideiussor is the one doing the sealing.

Because it is the accusative singular form, which is the case normally used for a direct object in Latin.

The basic dictionary form is syngrapha.
Its forms go like a regular first-declension noun:

• nominative singular: syngrapha
• accusative singular: syngrapham

Since it is the thing being sealed, Latin puts it in the accusative: syngrapham.

Obsignat is:

• present tense
• active voice
• indicative mood
• third person singular

It comes from obsignare, meaning to seal or to seal up.

So obsignat means he seals, she seals, or it seals, depending on the subject. Here, because the subject is fideiussor, it means the guarantor seals.

Latin normally does not have articles like English the and a/an.

So fideiussor can mean:

• a guarantor
• the guarantor

And syngrapham can mean:

• a written agreement
• the written agreement

Which one is best depends on the context. Latin often leaves that for the reader to infer.

Yes. Latin word order is much more flexible than English word order because the endings show each word’s job in the sentence.

So all of these could express the same basic idea:

• Fideiussor syngrapham obsignat.
• Syngrapham fideiussor obsignat.
• Obsignat fideiussor syngrapham.

However, the most neutral or common pattern in Latin often puts the verb at the end, as in this sentence. Changing the order can add emphasis or stylistic effect.

Fideiussor is a third-declension masculine noun.

Its nominative singular ends in -or, which is a common ending for agent nouns in Latin, especially nouns meaning a person who does something.

For example:

• actor = actor / doer
• orator = speaker
• fideiussor = guarantor / surety

So the form fideiussor fits well as a singular subject.

It is a Latin word, but it is a Greek loanword. That is why it may look a little unusual to an English-speaking learner.

In this sentence it behaves like a first-declension noun, so its grammar is straightforward even if its origin is Greek:

• syngrapha = nominative singular
• syngrapham = accusative singular

So you can treat it grammatically like many ordinary first-declension Latin nouns.

A careful classroom pronunciation would divide it roughly as:

fi-de-ius-sor

A few helpful points:

• fi sounds like fee
• de sounds like deh
• ius is pronounced like yoos or yus, depending on the pronunciation system being used
• the ss is pronounced as a real doubled consonant
• the stress is likely on -us-: fi-de-IUS-sor

Exact pronunciation can vary somewhat between Classical and Ecclesiastical Latin, but that breakdown will guide you well.

It is a very standard Latin sentence pattern:

• fideiussor = subject in the nominative
• syngrapham = direct object in the accusative
• obsignat = finite verb

So the structure is:

Subject + Object + Verb

That is a very common Latin arrangement, especially in textbook and formal prose.

Yes. The Latin present tense often covers both simple present and progressive present in English.

So obsignat can be translated as:

• seals
• is sealing

The exact English choice depends on context and style. Latin itself does not force that distinction here.

Because Latin verbs already include the person and number in their endings.

The ending -t in obsignat tells you the verb is third person singular. That already gives the meaning he/she/it seals.

Since the subject noun fideiussor is explicitly present, there is no need for a separate pronoun. Latin often leaves pronouns out unless they are needed for emphasis or contrast.