jeojjok geonmul oksangeseo badaga boyeoyo.

Korean often leaves out 의 when one noun naturally modifies another.

So:

• 저쪽 건물 = the building over there / that-side building
• 건물 옥상 = the building’s rooftop

Putting it together:

• 저쪽 건물 옥상 = the rooftop of the building over there

Using 의 is grammatically possible in some contexts, but Korean usually prefers the shorter, more natural style when the relationship is obvious.

So 저쪽 건물 옥상에서 sounds much more natural in everyday Korean than 저쪽의 건물의 옥상에서.

저쪽 means something like that side / over there / that direction.

It points to a place that is away from both the speaker and the listener, or simply farther away in the context.

Compare:

• 저기 = there (a location)
• 저쪽 = that side / over in that direction

So:

• 저기 건물 = that building over there
• 저쪽 건물 = the building on that side / the building over there

In many situations they can feel similar, but 저쪽 has a stronger sense of direction/side rather than just a place.

Here, 에서 marks the place from which something is visible.

So:

• 옥상에서 = from the rooftop

In this sentence, the rooftop is the location where the viewing situation happens.

This is very common in Korean:

• 여기에서 보여요 = You can see it from here
• 창문에서 산이 보여요 = You can see the mountain from the window

Even though 에서 is often taught first as at/in for actions, it is also used for the place where a situation occurs or from which something is perceived.

Because with 보이다 (to be seen / to come into view / to be visible), the thing that is visible is usually marked as the subject, not the direct object.

So:

• 바다가 보여요 = the sea is visible / the sea can be seen

This is different from 보다:

• 바다를 봐요 = I see/look at the sea
• 바다가 보여요 = the sea is visible / I can see the sea

This is one of the most important differences between 보다 and 보이다.

They come from different verbs and have different grammar.

• 봐요 ← 보다 = to see / to look at
• 보여요 ← 보이다 = to be seen / to be visible / to show

Compare these:

• 저는 바다를 봐요.
  = I look at the sea / I see the sea.

• 여기서 바다가 보여요.
  = The sea is visible from here / You can see the sea from here.

In your sentence, the focus is not someone actively looking.
The focus is that the sea is visible from that rooftop.
That is why 보여요 is the natural choice.

Yes—here it can mean either of those in English.

Depending on context, 보여요 can be translated as:

• is visible
• can be seen
• comes into view
• sometimes simply you can see

In this sentence, all of these are close in meaning.
A natural English idea is:

• The sea is visible from the rooftop of that building over there.
• You can see the sea from the rooftop of that building over there.

So even though the Korean grammar is not exactly the same as the English wording, the meaning matches well.

No specific person is stated.

Korean often leaves the experiencer unstated when it is obvious or unimportant. In this sentence, the point is simply that from that rooftop, the sea is visible.

Depending on context, it could imply:

• I can see the sea
• you can see the sea
• people can see the sea
• the sea is visible

Korean does this very naturally. You do not need to mention I or you unless the context requires it.

Yes, Korean word order is flexible as long as the particles make the roles clear.

The original sentence is:

• 저쪽 건물 옥상에서 바다가 보여요.

You could also say:

• 바다가 저쪽 건물 옥상에서 보여요.

This still works because:

• 옥상에서 marks the location
• 바다가 marks what is visible

However, the original order sounds very natural because it first sets the scene (from the rooftop of that building over there) and then says what is visible (the sea).

보여요 is in the polite informal style, often called 해요체.

That means it is appropriate for:

• everyday conversation
• speaking politely to strangers
• speaking to teachers, coworkers, etc. in normal situations

Related forms:

• 보여요 = polite
• 보인다 = plain/dictionary-style
• 보입니다 = more formal polite
• 보여 = casual intimate speech

So this sentence is polite and natural for everyday use.

In English, from the rooftop is the most natural translation here.

Literally, 옥상에서 is just at/on the rooftop as the location marker, but because the verb is 보여요 and the meaning involves visibility, English usually expresses it as from:

• 저쪽 건물 옥상에서 바다가 보여요. = From the rooftop of that building over there, the sea is visible.

So the Korean particle itself is 에서, but in natural English the idea becomes from because the rooftop is the vantage point.

It would still be grammatical, but the nuance changes a little.

• 저 건물 = that building
• 저쪽 건물 = the building over there / the building on that side

So 저쪽 건물 gives a stronger sense of direction or distance. It is useful when pointing out a building in a general area rather than identifying one specific building very directly.

For example:

• 저 건물 옥상에서 바다가 보여요.
  = You can see the sea from that building’s rooftop.

• 저쪽 건물 옥상에서 바다가 보여요.
  = You can see the sea from the rooftop of the building over there.

Both are natural; 저쪽 just adds the feeling of over on that side.