sseuregitongeseo naemsaega nayo.

• 쓰레기통 = trash can / garbage bin
• -에서 = from, out of, at/from a place
• 냄새 = smell / odor
• -가 = subject marker
• 나요 = comes out / occurs / is produced, in polite style

So the sentence is literally something like A smell is coming from the trash can.
That is why it is naturally translated as The trash can smells or There is a smell coming from the trash can.

In this sentence, -에서 marks the source the smell is coming from.

So 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 나요 means:

• From the trash can, a smell is coming out

Korean often describes smells, sounds, and other sensations as something that comes from a place.

Compare:

• 부엌에서 냄새가 나요 = A smell is coming from the kitchen
• 방에서 소리가 나요 = A sound is coming from the room

Even though English often says The trash can smells, Korean commonly uses this source + 에서 pattern.

Because 냄새 is the thing that is appearing/coming out, not a direct object being acted on.

The verb here is 나다, which often works like:

• a smell occurs
• a sound comes out
• blood comes out
• trouble happens

So in 냄새가 나요, 냄새 is the subject of 나다, which is why it takes -가.

Common similar patterns:

• 소리가 나요 = A sound is coming out / I hear a sound
• 연기가 나요 = Smoke is coming out
• 땀이 나요 = Sweat comes out / I’m sweating

Yes — that is exactly the key idea.

나다 is a very common Korean verb with a broad meaning such as:

• to come out
• to occur
• to appear
• to be produced

So 냄새가 나다 is a set expression meaning:

• for a smell to come out
• naturally, to smell

This is one of those cases where Korean uses a different image from English. English says:

• The trash can smells

Korean says:

• A smell comes from the trash can

That is why 나다 is the natural verb here.

Not always, but 냄새 often has a somewhat neutral-to-negative feel depending on context.

• 냄새 = smell / odor
• 향기 = fragrance, pleasant scent

So:

• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 나요 usually implies an unpleasant smell, because it is a trash can.
• But 냄새가 나요 by itself can just mean there is a smell.

Examples:

• 커피 냄새가 나요 = I smell coffee / There’s a coffee smell
• 가스 냄새가 나요 = I smell gas
• 좋은 냄새가 나요 = It smells good

If you want to make the pleasant meaning clearer, Korean often uses:

• 향기가 나요 = A fragrance is coming out / It smells fragrant

나요 is the polite present-style form of 나다.

The verb stem is 나-, and with the polite ending -아요, it becomes:

• 나 + 아요 → 나요

This is a normal polite ending used in everyday conversation.

Levels:

• 나 = plain / casual
• 나요 = polite everyday speech
• 납니다 = more formal

So:

• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 나요 = polite, natural everyday Korean
• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 나 = casual
• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 납니다 = formal

Yes, you can, and it is natural. The nuance changes a little.

• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 나요
  = A smell is coming from the trash can.
  This focuses on the source of the smell.

• 쓰레기통은 냄새가 나요
  = The trash can smells.
  This makes 쓰레기통 the topic and sounds a little more like a general statement about it.

Both are fine, but the original sentence with -에서 is especially natural when noticing where a smell is coming from.

You can even hear both together in longer speech:

• 쓰레기통은 냄새가 나요 = As for the trash can, it smells
• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 나요 = The smell is coming from the trash can

냄새가 나요 is the natural expression for there is a smell / it smells.

• 냄새가 나요 = a smell is coming out, I smell something

냄새가 있어요 is grammatically understandable, but it is usually less natural for this situation. It sounds more like saying there exists a smell, rather than describing the experience of smelling it.

So when talking about something giving off a smell, Korean normally uses:

• 냄새가 나요

not usually:

• 냄새가 있어요

Very commonly:

Negative:

• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 안 나요 = The trash can doesn’t smell / No smell is coming from the trash can

Past:

• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 났어요 = There was a smell coming from the trash can / The trash can smelled

Past negative:

• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 안 났어요 = There wasn’t a smell coming from the trash can

Notice the past form of 나다:

• 나요 → 났어요

Nothing extremely tricky, but here is a helpful breakdown:

• 쓰레기통에서
• 냄새가
• 나요

A natural overall pronunciation is close to:

• 쓰레기통에서 냄새가 나요

A few points:

• 쓰 can be hard for English speakers because it starts with the tense ㅆ sound.
• 냄새 has the vowel ㅐ, so it sounds like naem-sae.
• 나요 is two syllables: 나-요, not one merged sound.

If you say each block clearly and smoothly, you will be understood.

Yes. This is a very useful pattern in Korean.

Common examples:

• 냄새가 나요 = There’s a smell / It smells
• 소리가 나요 = There’s a sound / I hear a sound
• 연기가 나요 = Smoke is coming out
• 땀이 나요 = Sweat is coming out / I’m sweating
• 피가 나요 = Blood is coming out / It’s bleeding
• 문제가 나요 is less common than 문제가 생겨요, but 문제가 났어요 can mean a problem occurred

So learning X가 나다 as a pattern is very helpful:

• something comes out / occurs

In this sentence:

• 냄새가 나요 = a smell comes out

That is the core grammar idea.