Learn Hardcore Korean: jumare chingudeureul jibeuro chodaehalkka? - Shall I invite friends to my place on the weekend?

It expresses suggestion or self-deliberation about a future action. In this sentence, 초대할까? can mean "Shall I invite...?", "Shall we invite...?", or "I wonder if I should invite...". The intended subject is inferred from context.

What’s the difference between 초대할까? and 초대할까요?

Politeness:

Casual: ...할까? (to yourself, friends, same age/younger)
Polite: ...할까요? (to someone you should be polite to)

Yes, 초대할까요? is simply the polite version of 초대할까?.

Who is the subject, and why is it missing?

Korean often drops obvious subjects. Here it’s implicitly “I” or inclusive “we.” You can add it if needed: 나/우리 주말에 친구들을 집으로 초대할까? but it’s usually omitted.

Why is 집으로 used instead of 집에?

Both are acceptable with a tiny nuance difference.

집으로: treats the house as a destination (“to/toward the house”); very common with 초대하다.
집에: marks location (“to/at the house”). Also natural. Most natives would not hear much difference.

How do I choose between -으로 and -로?

Rule of thumb:

After a vowel or after ㄹ: use -로.
After any other consonant: use -으로. Since 집 ends with ㅂ, it’s 집으로.

Do I need the plural marker 들 in 친구들을?

No. 친구를 can already mean “a friend” or “friends” from context. 친구들을 explicitly marks plural and is common with people when you want to emphasize “friends (plural).”

Can I drop the object particle 을?

In casual speech you might hear 친구들 집으로 초대할까?. It’s understandable but a bit colloquial. Keeping 을/를 (i.e., 친구들을) is clearer and safer.

Is the word order fixed?

No. Any order before the verb is fine:

주말에 친구들을 집으로 초대할까?
친구들을 주말에 집으로 초대할까?
주말에 집으로 친구들을 초대할까? The verb must stay last.

What’s the nuance difference between 초대하다, 부르다, and 데려오다?

초대하다: to invite (neutral/formal).
부르다: to call/ask over (more casual). 주말에 친구들을 집으로 부를까?
데려오다: to bring someone along to your place. 주말에 친구들을 집으로 데려올까?

How do I pronounce the sentence naturally?

주말에: [ju-ma-re]
친구들을: [chin-gu-deu-reul] (ㄹ in 들 links to the following vowel)
집으로: [ji-beu-ro]
초대할까?: [cho-dae-hal-kka] (tense kk in 까) Together: [ju-ma-re chin-gu-deu-reul ji-beu-ro cho-dae-hal-kka?]

Any spacing gotchas?

Write: 주말에 친구들을 집으로 초대할까? Avoid: 초대 할까, 집 으로. Affixes like -할 and particles like -으로 stick to the preceding word.

Does 주말에 mean “this weekend” or “on weekends (in general)”?

Both. In conversation, 주말에 usually means “this (coming) weekend” from context. Be explicit if needed:

이번 주말에: this weekend
주말마다: every weekend
주말에는: as for/on weekends (contrastive)

What nuance does the topic marker in 주말에는 add?

주말에는 친구들을 집으로 초대할까? sounds like you’re considering the weekend specifically (as opposed to weekdays), adding a contrastive/topic feel: “As for the weekend, shall we invite friends over?”

How would people answer this question naturally?

좋아. 초대하자. (Agreement: “Sounds good. Let’s do it.”)
그럴까? (Soft agreement: “Shall we?”)
이번 주말은 바빠. 다음에 하자. (Decline: “I’m busy this weekend. Let’s do it next time.”)

Are there other suggestion forms I should know?

...하자: more decisive “Let’s ...”: 초대하자.
...할래?: asks about the other’s preference: 초대할래?
...해 볼까?: suggests trying: 초대해 볼까?
Polite versions: ...할까요?, ...할래요?, ...해 볼까요?

Do I need to specify “my house” with 우리/제?

Not usually. In contexts like this, 집 is understood as the speaker’s home. If you need to be explicit:

Casual: 우리 집으로
Polite/formal about yourself: 제 집으로 Thus: 주말에 친구들을 우리 집으로 초대할까?