gabangeul ilheobeorin sarami bulssanghaessseupnida.

It breaks down like this:

• 가방을 = bag
  • object marker 을
• 잃어버린 = lost / having lost
• 사람이 = person
  • subject marker 이
• 불쌍했습니다 = was pitiful / I felt sorry for them

So the structure is:

[bag lost] person + was pitiable

More naturally in English, this is:

The person who lost the bag was pitiful
or more naturally,
I felt sorry for the person who lost the bag.

Because in Korean, verbs can directly modify nouns.

So:

• 잃어버린 사람 = the person who lost it
• literally, lost person

This is similar to English the person who lost the bag, except Korean puts the modifying part before the noun.

A good way to see it is:

• 가방을 잃어버린 사람 = the person who lost the bag

잃어버린 is the noun-modifying form of 잃어버리다, which means to lose.

In this sentence, it means:

• who lost
• having lost

So 가방을 잃어버린 사람 means the person who lost the bag.

This is the past modifier form, because the losing happened before the speaker judged the person as 불쌍했다.

Both can mean to lose, but 잃어버리다 often feels a little stronger or more complete.

• 잃다 = to lose
• 잃어버리다 = to lose, often with a sense that it is gone, misplaced, or unfortunately lost

So:

• 가방을 잃은 사람 = the person who lost the bag
• 가방을 잃어버린 사람 = the person who lost the bag, often with a slightly stronger feeling of unfortunate loss

In everyday speech, 잃어버리다 is very common for losing things like bags, phones, wallets, keys, and so on.

Because 가방 is the object of 잃어버리다.

You lose something, so that something is marked as the object:

• 가방을 잃어버리다 = to lose a bag
• 지갑을 잃어버리다 = to lose a wallet

So 을/를 marks what was lost.

Here, 사람이 marks the person as the subject of 불쌍했습니다.

So the sentence is focusing on which person was pitiable:

• 가방을 잃어버린 사람이 불쌍했습니다 = The person who lost the bag was pitiable / I felt sorry for the person who lost the bag

If you changed it to 사람은, the nuance would shift more toward setting up the person who lost the bag as the topic:

• 가방을 잃어버린 사람은 불쌍했습니다

That is also possible, but 사람이 is very natural when simply identifying who seemed pitiable.

Because the speaker is describing how they felt or how things seemed at that time.

• 불쌍합니다 = is pitiable / I feel sorry
• 불쌍했습니다 = was pitiable / I felt sorry

In Korean, using the past tense here often means:

• At that moment, I felt sorry for that person
• That person seemed pitiable in that situation

It does not always mean the person is no longer pitiable now; it often just reports the speaker’s feeling in a past situation.

Yes, literally it often gets translated as pitiful or pathetic-looking, but in many contexts it is closer to:

• to feel sorry for someone
• to feel pity for someone

So in natural English, this sentence is often better understood as:

I felt sorry for the person who lost the bag.

That sounds more natural than the very literal The person who lost the bag was pitiful.

Yes, it can be.

Depending on tone and context, 불쌍하다 can sound:

• sympathetic: I feel sorry for them
• condescending: How pitiful
• even insulting, if said carelessly

So you should be a little careful with it. If you want a softer or more neutral expression, people sometimes use things like:

• 안됐어요 = That’s too bad
• 안타까워요 = That’s unfortunate / I feel bad about that

But in many ordinary contexts, 불쌍하다 is perfectly normal and just expresses pity.

The speaker is.

Korean often leaves out subjects like I or we when they are obvious from context. So the sentence does not explicitly say:

• 제가 = I

But the meaning is understood as something like:

• I felt sorry for the person who lost the bag.

No, this sentence means the person lost the bag.

That is because:

• 가방을 is the object
• 잃어버린 사람 means the person who lost it

So the grammar clearly points to a person who lost a bag, not a bag that was lost.

If you wanted to say the lost bag, you would modify 가방, not 사람:

• 잃어버린 가방 = the lost bag

Yes, but it has a slightly different nuance.

• 잃어버린 사람 = the person who lost the bag
• 잃어버렸던 사람 = the person who had lost the bag / the person who once lost the bag

The -었던 / -았던 / -었던 type often adds a feeling of looking back on a past event or recalling something from before.

So for a simple sentence, 잃어버린 사람 is the more straightforward and natural choice.

It is in the formal polite style.

• dictionary form: 불쌍하다
• polite casual: 불쌍했어요
• formal polite: 불쌍했습니다

So this sentence sounds polite and somewhat formal, such as in careful conversation, writing, or a textbook example.

You can, but it may sound unnatural in English.

A very literal translation is:

The person who lost the bag was pitiful.

A more natural English translation is often:

I felt sorry for the person who lost the bag.

Both reflect the Korean sentence, but the second is usually better English in normal conversation.