La penna è vicino alla sedia.

The pen is near the chair.

Breakdown of La penna è vicino alla sedia.

• la penna: the pen
• essere: to be
• la sedia: the chair
• vicino a: near

Questions & Answers about La penna è vicino alla sedia.

Why is it vicino and not vicina even though penna is feminine?

In Italian, vicino can function as an adverb or a preposition, so it often stays in the masculine form regardless of the gender of the noun it describes. If you use it adjectivally (for instance, La penna è vicina alla sedia), then you would need to agree with the feminine noun. However, it’s more common to see vicino used in this adverbial or prepositional sense, so it doesn’t change form.

Why do we say alla sedia instead of simply a sedia?

Alla is a contraction of a + la, meaning to the or at the in English. Italian tends to use definite articles before nouns more frequently than English does. So whenever you say “near the chair,” you need to include the definite article: vicino alla sedia.

Could I use accanto a instead of vicino a?

Yes, you can use accanto a to mean “next to,” which implies a similar idea of closeness. For instance, La penna è accanto alla sedia is perfectly correct and means the pen is right beside the chair. Vicino a is more general, meaning “near,” which can be slightly less specific.

Why is it La penna and not Il penna?

In Italian, penna is a feminine noun, so it is always la penna. Nouns ending in -a often tend to be feminine in Italian, though there are some exceptions.

Is La penna è vicino alla sedia the only word order possible?

You can say È vicino alla sedia la penna for emphasis, but it sounds more natural to keep subject–verb–complement order: La penna è vicino alla sedia. In everyday conversation, the typical structure feels clearer and more straightforward.