Biaya tenaga kerja meningkat.

to increase

Breakdown of Biaya tenaga kerja meningkat.

• biaya tenaga kerja: the labor cost

Questions & Answers about Biaya tenaga kerja meningkat.

Why is biaya tenaga kerja translated as labor costs when there is no plural ending like -s?

Indonesian nouns usually do not change form for singular vs. plural.

So biaya can mean:

• cost
• costs

The exact number is understood from context.

In this sentence, biaya tenaga kerja meningkat, English often sounds more natural as labor costs are increasing or labor costs have increased, even though Indonesian does not mark the plural explicitly.

If Indonesian wants to make plurality very clear, it can use repetition in some cases, but with words like biaya, that is often unnecessary.

How does biaya tenaga kerja fit together grammatically?

It is a noun phrase:

• biaya = cost, expense
• tenaga kerja = labor, workforce, manpower

So biaya tenaga kerja means labor cost(s) or the cost of labor.

A key pattern in Indonesian is that the main noun usually comes first, followed by the word that describes or specifies it.

So:

• biaya tenaga kerja = cost of labor
• literally, something like cost labor

This is the opposite of normal English word order, where we usually put the describing noun first: labor costs.

What exactly does tenaga kerja mean?