Ég á líka dóttur.

In this sentence á is not the preposition “on”; it is the verb form of að eiga – “to have/own”.

• Ég á = I have / I own
• The preposition á (“on, at”) is a different word, even though it looks the same in writing.
  So here Ég á líka dóttur means “I also have a daughter”, not “I am also on daughter”.

Icelandic changes noun endings according to case.

• dóttir is the nominative form (the basic dictionary form, used for subjects).
• After the verb að eiga (“to have”), the thing you have is normally in the accusative case.

The accusative singular of dóttir is dóttur, so:

• Nominative: Ég á ein dóttir. (not used here)
• Accusative: Ég á líka dóttur. ✅

Icelandic has no indefinite article like English a / an.

• dóttir / dóttur can mean either “daughter” or “a daughter”, depending on context.
  So Ég á líka dóttur naturally translates as “I also have a daughter.”

líka means “also, too, as well”.

In neutral word order, Icelandic tends to put common adverbs (like líka, ekki, etc.) after the verb:

• Ég á líka dóttur. = I also have a daughter.

You will most often see subject – verb – adverb – object in simple statements like this.

• Ég líka á dóttur is ungrammatical; adverbs like líka do not normally go between the subject and the verb.
• Ég á dóttur líka is possible, but it usually puts a bit more emphasis on dóttur (as in “I have a daughter as well [as something else]”).

The most neutral and common version is Ég á líka dóttur.

The infinitive (dictionary form) is að eiga (“to have, to own”).

Present tense (singular):

• Ég á – I have
• Þú átt – You (sg.) have
• Hann/Hún/Það á – He/She/It has

Present tense (plural):

• Við eigum – We have
• Þið eigið – You (pl.) have
• Þeir/Þær/Þau eiga – They have

You generally must use subject pronouns in Icelandic.

So:

• Ég á líka dóttur. ✅
• Á líka dóttur. ❌ (feels incomplete/wrong in normal speech)

Icelandic is not a “null-subject” language like Spanish or Italian; you don’t usually omit Ég.

Approximate pronunciation for English speakers:

• Ég ≈ “Yehg” (short “yeh” + a soft voiced gh sound at the end)
• á ≈ “ow” (like in “cow”)
• líka ≈ “LEE-ka” (stress on the first syllable)
• dóttur ≈ “DOH-htur” (with a little puff of air in -tt-, similar to saying “dot-hur” quickly)

In IPA (one common pronunciation): [jɛiːɣ au ˈliːka ˈtouhtʏr].
Stress is on Ég, lí-, and dót-.

dóttir is feminine. Its plural form is irregular:

Singular:

• Nom: dóttir – a daughter
• Acc: dóttur
• Dat: dóttur
• Gen: dóttur

Plural:

• Nom: dætur – daughters
• Acc: dætur
• Dat: dætrum
• Gen: dætra

So Ég á tvær dætur = I have two daughters.

You add ekki (“not”) after the verb:

• Ég á ekki dóttur. = I don’t have a daughter.

The pattern is: subject – verb – ekki – object.
Compare: Ég á líka dóttur. / Ég á ekki dóttur.

Both líka and einnig can mean “also / too”, but:

• líka is more common and more neutral in everyday speech.
• einnig is a bit more formal/written or “bookish”.

You could say Ég á einnig dóttur, but Ég á líka dóttur is what you’re more likely to hear in normal conversation.

You can use the same pattern with sonur (“son”):

• Ég á líka son. = I also have a son.

Note that the nominative is sonur, but in the accusative (after á) it becomes son:

• Nom: sonur – the subject (e.g. Sonur minn er hér.)
• Acc: son – the object (e.g. Ég á son.)