Ég borða matur.

I eat food.

Breakdown of Ég borða matur.

• ég: I
• borða: to eat
• matur: the food

Questions & Answers about Ég borða matur.

What is the grammatical structure of the sentence “Ég borða matur”?

In “Ég borða matur,” Ég is the subject pronoun meaning “I,” borða is the present tense verb meaning “eat,” and matur is the noun meaning “food” functioning as the direct object. The sentence follows a basic Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) word order, similar to English.

Why does the noun matur appear unchanged as the object in this sentence?

In Icelandic, many masculine nouns—like matur—have identical forms in the nominative and accusative singular. Even though matur is used as the direct object (which typically takes the accusative case), its form doesn’t change from the nominative.

How is the verb borða conjugated for different subjects in Icelandic?

Borða is the first-person singular present tense form of the verb að borða (“to eat”). Icelandic verbs change their endings depending on the subject. For example, with þú (“you”) the form becomes borðar, and with hann/hún (“he/she”) it is also borðar. The form borða specifically indicates that the subject is ég (“I”).

Why is there no article (such as “a” or “an”) before matur in the sentence?

Icelandic does not use separate indefinite articles like English does. Instead, nouns in their basic form (like matur) are used when referring to things in a general sense. To refer to a specific food item, you would use the definite form (for example, maturinn for “the food”).

What pronunciation features should I be aware of when reading this sentence aloud?

There are a couple of notable points:

• Ég is pronounced roughly like “yehg,” with the accented é guiding you to a slightly modified vowel sound.
• The character ð in borða is known as “eth” and is pronounced like the voiced “th” in English words such as “this” or “that.”
  Being mindful of these sounds will help you pronounce the sentence correctly.