A tanár ugyanazt mondja.

A is the Hungarian definite article, equivalent to English the.

So:

• a tanár = the teacher

Hungarian has two forms of the definite article:

• a before most consonants
• az before vowels

For example:

• a tanár = the teacher
• az alma = the apple

Because tanár is the subject of the sentence, not the object.

In A tanár ugyanazt mondja:

• a tanár = the teacher → the one doing the action
• ugyanazt = the same thing → the thing being said

Hungarian usually marks the direct object with -t, but the subject normally has no special ending here.

So:

• tanár = subject
• ugyanazt = object

Ugyanazt can be broken down like this:

• ugyanaz = the same
• -t = direct object ending

So ugyanazt literally means the same one / the same thing as the object of the verb.

This is why the sentence means that the teacher is saying the same thing.

Because it is the direct object of the verb mondja (says).

Hungarian often marks direct objects with -t.
Compare:

• ugyanaz = the same
• ugyanazt = the same thing / the same one as object

In this sentence, the teacher is saying what?
Answer: ugyanazt.

That is why the object form is needed.

Because Hungarian verbs have two conjugation patterns:

• indefinite conjugation
• definite conjugation

Here, the object is definite: ugyanazt = the same thing.
When the verb has a definite direct object, Hungarian usually uses the definite conjugation.

So:

• mond = says with no definite object, or with an indefinite one
• mondja = says it / says the ... with a definite object

That is why mondja is used here.

Mondja is:

• from the verb mond = to say
• 3rd person singular
• present tense
• definite conjugation

So it means:

• he says it
• she says it
• it says it
  depending on context

In this sentence, because the subject is a tanár, it means:

• the teacher says it / says the same thing

Because a tanár is a third-person singular subject:

• tanár = teacher
• one teacher = singular
• not I, not you, not they

So the verb must also be third-person singular, which is exactly what mondja is.

In this sentence, it effectively means the same thing.

Hungarian often uses forms like ugyanazt without needing an extra word like thing. English usually needs that word, but Hungarian often does not.

So:

• ugyanazt mondja = says the same thing

You can think of ugyanazt here as shorthand for the same thing.

No, Hungarian word order is more flexible than English word order.

A tanár ugyanazt mondja is a natural neutral sentence, but other orders may be possible depending on emphasis.

For example:

• A tanár ugyanazt mondja. = neutral
• Ugyanazt mondja a tanár. = stronger focus on the same thing
• A tanár mondja ugyanazt. = possible in certain contexts, but less neutral

In Hungarian, word order often shows focus, topic, or emphasis, not just grammar.

Yes, if the subject is clear from context.

Hungarian often omits subjects when they are understood. So:

• Ugyanazt mondja. = He/She is saying the same thing.

But if you want to state specifically that the teacher is the one saying it, then you keep:

• A tanár ugyanazt mondja.

Yes, it is written as one word.

That is because ugyanaz is a single word meaning the same, and then Hungarian adds the object ending -t directly to it:

• ugyanaz
• ugyanazt

So you should not split it into separate words.

Because Hungarian often builds information directly into the verb and the noun endings instead of using separate helper words.

In English, you might think of this as something like:

• The teacher says the same thing
• or even The teacher says it, the same thing

But Hungarian handles this more compactly:

• ugyanazt already marks the object
• mondja already shows the verb agrees with a definite object

So Hungarian does not need a separate standalone it here.

The gy in Hungarian is a special consonant sound that does not match a single normal English letter.

A rough approximation is the dy sound in British-style duke for some speakers, or a very soft dj/dy sound made with the tongue farther forward.

So mondja is approximately:

• MON-dya

That is only an approximation, but it is a helpful starting point for English speakers.

The dictionary form is mond = to say.

From that base verb, Hungarian adds endings. In this sentence, mondja is an inflected form of mond.

So when looking it up, you would usually look for:

• mond

not

• mondja