Orosz könyvet olvasunk.

The -t marks the direct object in Hungarian.
So:

• könyv = book
• könyvet = book (as the thing being read)

In this sentence, the book is what we are reading, so Hungarian adds the accusative ending -t.

The linking vowel -e- appears because the bare form könyvt would be hard to pronounce, so Hungarian uses könyvet.

Because orosz here is an adjective, meaning Russian, and Hungarian adjectives usually do not agree with the noun in case or number the way they do in many other languages.

So:

• orosz könyv = Russian book
• orosz könyvet = Russian book (object)

Only the noun könyv gets the accusative ending. The adjective orosz stays the same.

Olvasunk means we read or we are reading.

It comes from:

• olvas = read
• -unk = we

So the subject we is already built into the verb. Hungarian verbs often show the subject clearly, so a separate pronoun is usually unnecessary.

Because Hungarian is a language where the verb usually tells you the subject.

Here, olvasunk already means we read / we are reading, so adding mi (we) is usually unnecessary.

You could say:

• Mi orosz könyvet olvasunk.

But that would usually add emphasis, like We are reading a Russian book.

This is a very important Hungarian grammar point: Hungarian has indefinite and definite verb conjugation.

Here, the object is indefinite:

• orosz könyvet = a Russian book / Russian book

So the verb uses the indefinite conjugation:

• olvasunk = we read / we are reading

If the object were definite, Hungarian would usually use the definite conjugation:

• Az orosz könyvet olvassuk. = We are reading the Russian book.

So the choice between olvasunk and olvassuk depends on whether the object is indefinite or definite.

Hungarian often leaves out the indefinite article when English would use a.

So:

• orosz könyvet olvasunk can mean we are reading a Russian book

If you want to make the indefiniteness more explicit, you can say:

• Egy orosz könyvet olvasunk. = We are reading a / one Russian book.

For a definite meaning, Hungarian would normally use the definite article:

• Az orosz könyvet olvassuk. = We are reading the Russian book.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Hungarian present tense often covers both:

• simple present: we read
• present continuous: we are reading

So Orosz könyvet olvasunk could mean:

• We read a Russian book
• We are reading a Russian book

In real life, context usually makes it clear which one is meant.

Yes, Hungarian word order is fairly flexible, and changing it often changes the focus or emphasis, not just the grammar.

The sentence Orosz könyvet olvasunk is a natural neutral way to say it, especially in a simple learning example.

Other orders are possible, for example:

• Könyvet olvasunk. = We’re reading a book.
• Orosz könyvet olvasunk. = We’re reading a Russian book.
• Olvasunk orosz könyvet. = also possible, with a slightly different flow or emphasis depending on context.

Hungarian word order is strongly connected to information structure: what is new, contrasted, emphasized, or already known.

Normally, no. In Hungarian, nationality and language adjectives are usually not capitalized.

So:

• orosz = Russian
• angol = English
• magyar = Hungarian

This is different from English, where Russian is capitalized.

So Orosz könyvet olvasunk would normally be written orosz könyvet olvasunk in the middle of a sentence. It is only capitalized if it begins the sentence.

Yes, orosz can be both:

• an adjective: Russian
• a noun: a Russian (person)

But in this sentence, because it is directly before könyvet, it is clearly an adjective:

• orosz könyvet = Russian book

So here it does not mean a Russian person.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• könyvet ≈ KUR-nyeh-vet, but not exactly

Important parts:

• ö is a rounded front vowel, somewhat like the vowel in German schön or French peu
• ny sounds like Spanish ñ in señor, or the ny in British pronunciation of new for some speakers
• v and t are pronounced clearly

So könyv is roughly könyv, with that soft ny sound in the middle.

If pronunciation is new to you, the key thing is that ny is a single consonant sound in Hungarian.

Yes, absolutely.

• Orosz könyvet olvasunk. = We are reading a Russian book / Russian book.
• Egy orosz könyvet olvasunk. = We are reading a / one Russian book.

Adding egy can make the noun feel more explicitly singular and indefinite, a bit closer to English a. Without egy, the sentence is still completely natural Hungarian.

The dictionary forms are:

• orosz = Russian
• könyv = book
• olvas = to read

In the sentence, two changes happen:

• könyv → könyvet because it is the direct object
• olvas → olvasunk because the subject is we

So the sentence is built from very basic forms plus normal Hungarian endings.