Elültetjük a vetőmagot.

A useful breakdown is:

• el- = a verbal prefix; here it helps give the sense of planting/putting into the ground, often with a sense of completion
• ültet = plant, seat, or literally something like make sit/place
• -jük = we when the verb has a definite object
• a = the
• vetőmagot = seed as the direct object

So structurally it is:

• Elültetjük = we plant it / we will plant it
• a vetőmagot = the seed

Because Hungarian is using the definite conjugation here.

The object is a vetőmagot = the seed, which is definite because of a (the). When a Hungarian verb has a definite direct object, it often takes a special set of endings.

So:

• ültetünk = we plant / we are planting something indefinite
• ültetjük = we plant it / we plant the ... something definite

That is why the sentence uses Elültetjük, not Elültetünk.

In this sentence, el- helps make the verb mean plant in the sense of put into the ground.

Hungarian verbal prefixes often add meanings like:

• completion
• direction
• result
• a more specific action

With ültet, the prefix el- gives the natural meaning to plant something. Without context, ültet by itself can also mean things like seat or make sit.

So elültetjük is the natural form for we plant it / we will plant it.

Because vetőmagot is the direct object, and Hungarian marks direct objects with the accusative ending.

Here:

• base form: vetőmag
• accusative: vetőmagot

The final -t is the key object marker. The -o- is a linking vowel that makes the word easier to pronounce.

So:

• vetőmag = seed
• vetőmagot = seed as the thing being planted

Hungarian has two forms of the:

• a before a consonant
• az before a vowel

Since vetőmagot starts with v, a consonant, the correct form is:

• a vetőmagot

Compare:

• a mag
• az alma

So it works a lot like a/an in English, but for the definite article.

Not exactly.

• mag = seed, pit, kernel, a general word
• vetőmag = seed for sowing, seed grain, seed stock

So vetőmag is a more specific agricultural word. It refers to seed meant for planting, not just any seed in a general sense.

A learner might think of it as:

• mag = seed in general
• vetőmag = planting seed / sowing seed

Formally, it is present tense.

However, Hungarian often uses the present tense for actions that are:

• planned
• scheduled
• about to happen
• understood from context as future

So Elültetjük a vetőmagot can mean either:

• We plant the seed
• We will plant the seed

The context decides which English translation sounds best.

Yes. Hungarian word order is flexible, and changes in word order usually change emphasis, not the basic core meaning.

The neutral version is:

• Elültetjük a vetőmagot.

If you want to emphasize the object, you might get:

• A vetőmagot ültetjük el.

Notice something important: when another element is strongly focused before the verb, the prefix el- often moves after the verb.

This also happens with negation:

• Nem ültetjük el a vetőmagot. = We are not planting the seed.

So in Hungarian, prefixes are not always glued in front of the verb in every sentence shape.

Yes.

• ül = sit
• ültet = originally something like make sit, seat

From that idea of placing something/someone into position, Hungarian also uses ültet for planting.

So there is a historical and logical connection:

• ül = sit
• ültet = seat / place
• elültet = plant

This kind of relationship is very common in Hungarian vocabulary.

A rough guide for an English speaker:

• E in El- is like eh
• ü is a front rounded vowel, somewhat like German ü or French u
• j is pronounced like English y
• gy is a soft sound, somewhat like the d in British duke or a softened dy
• ő is a long front rounded vowel, like a long version of ö
• stress is on the first syllable of each word

Very rough approximation:

• EH-lü-te-tyük a VEH-tuh-ma-got

But the rounded vowels ü and ő do not have perfect English equivalents, so they are worth practicing separately.

Sometimes the exact English choice depends on context.

Hungarian has different verbs that can overlap in English:

• ültetni / elültetni = to plant
• vetni / elvetni = to sow

With vetőmag specifically, some learners may expect elvetjük a vetőmagot, because seed is often sown. But elültetjük a vetőmagot is still understandable as we plant the seed, especially if the idea is physically putting seed into the ground.

So the sentence is grammatically fine; the most natural English verb can vary slightly by context.