A vételár nagy.

A is the Hungarian definite article, so it usually means the.

So A vételár nagy. literally corresponds to The purchase price is big/high.

A few useful notes:

• a is used before words that begin with most consonants
• Hungarian also has az, used before vowel sounds
• unlike English, Hungarian a/az does not change for singular vs. plural

Examples:

• a ház = the house
• az autó = the car

In Hungarian, the verb to be is often left out in the present tense, third person.

So:

• A vételár nagy. = The purchase price is high.

There is no need to say a separate word for is here.

This happens with sentences like:

• A ház nagy. = The house is big.
• Az autó drága. = The car is expensive.

But in other persons, Hungarian normally does use the verb:

• Nagy vagyok. = I am big/tall
• Nagy vagy. = You are big/tall

And in past or future tense, the verb appears too.

Vételár means purchase price, sale price, or the price paid for buying something, depending on context.

It is a compound word:

• vétel = purchase, buying
• ár = price

So vételár is literally something like buying-price.

This is more specific than just ár, which simply means price.

For example:

• Az ár magas. = The price is high.
• A vételár magas. = The purchase price is high.

Good question. In Hungarian, adjectives usually come before the noun when they directly describe it inside a noun phrase:

• nagy ház = a big house

But in A vételár nagy., nagy is not directly attached to the noun inside one noun phrase. It is the predicate adjective: it tells you something about the purchase price.

So:

• a nagy vételár = the big/high purchase price
• a vételár nagy = the purchase price is big/high

This is similar to English:

• the big house
• the house is big

Its basic meaning is big or large, but in many contexts it is naturally translated as high in English.

In this sentence, English would usually prefer:

• The purchase price is high.

Even though Hungarian uses nagy, the best English translation is often high, not big, when talking about amounts, prices, or degree.

So the literal sense is big/large, but the natural meaning here is high.

Yes, often you can, and in many contexts magas may sound more specifically like high.

A rough distinction:

• nagy = big, large, great
• magas = high, tall

But Hungarian usage does not match English word-for-word. With prices, amounts, and costs, both can appear depending on style and context.

Very generally:

• magas ár = high price
• nagy ár is less standard if you mean just high price
• but with compound or more specialized expressions, nagy can still occur naturally depending on what is being emphasized

So for a learner, it is safest to understand nagy here as meaning something like high/large in value.

A simple pronunciation guide:

• vételár ≈ VAY-teh-laar
• nagy ≈ roughly nody or nadj, but neither is perfect

A few details:

• é is a long ay-like vowel
• á is a long open a, somewhat like the vowel in father
• gy is a special Hungarian sound, somewhat like the dy in British duke for some speakers, but softer

Also, Hungarian stress is normally on the first syllable:

• VÉ-tel-ár
• NAgy

The accent marks show different vowels, and vowel length is important in Hungarian.

Here:

• é is not the same as e
• á is not the same as a

These are not just spelling decorations; they can change pronunciation and sometimes meaning.

So it is important to learn and write them correctly:

• vételár, not vetelar

Hungarian spelling is quite regular, so accent marks give real pronunciation information.

Yes. It is a complete grammatical sentence.

It has:

• a subject: A vételár = The purchase price
• a predicate adjective: nagy = high/big

And because Hungarian can omit is in this kind of present-tense sentence, nothing is missing.

It may sound a little context-dependent, because in real life speakers often say something more specific, such as:

• A vételár nagyon nagy. = The purchase price is very high.
• A vételár túl nagy. = The purchase price is too high.

But A vételár nagy. is absolutely a valid sentence.

Yes. Nagy a vételár is also possible.

Both mean roughly the same thing, but the emphasis changes.

• A vételár nagy. = neutral statement, The purchase price is high.
• Nagy a vételár. = more emphasis on high, something like The purchase price is high or It’s the purchase price that is high

Hungarian word order is often influenced by focus and emphasis, much more than in English.

So the original sentence is the neutral, straightforward version.

It is singular.

• A vételár nagy. = The purchase price is high.

If you wanted plural, it would be:

• A vételárak nagyok. = The purchase prices are high.

Notice two changes in the plural:

• vételár → vételárak
• nagy → nagyok

Hungarian adjectives do not always take plural marking, but when they are used predicatively like this, they do agree in number.

Because it is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the basic dictionary form, often called the nominative.

Hungarian often uses endings to show roles like:

• -t for direct object
• -ban / -ben for in
• -nak / -nek for to/for

But subjects usually have no special ending.

So in:

• A vételár nagy.

vételár is just in its basic form because it is the thing being talked about.