सबको दवा चाहिए।

सब means all or everyone.

The ending -को is the postposition को, which often marks:

• the person affected
• the person receiving something
• the person who feels a need, desire, pain, etc.

So सबको literally means something like to everyone.

In this sentence, Hindi is structured more like:

• To everyone, medicine is needed.

That is why को appears with सब.

चाहिए and चाहता है are different.

• चाहता है means wants
• चाहिए usually means is needed / is required / is wanted

So:

• मुझे दवा चाहिए = I need medicine
• मैं दवा चाहता हूँ = I want medicine

In many situations, चाहिए sounds more natural for need, while चाहता/चाहती हूँ sounds more like a personal desire or wish.

With दवा specifically, चाहिए often strongly suggests need, not just want.

It can cover both ideas depending on context, but in सबको दवा चाहिए, the most natural sense is need.

Why? Because medicine is usually something people need, not something they simply want for pleasure.

So this sentence is most naturally understood as:

• Everyone needs medicine.

In another context, चाहिए can be softer and closer to would like or want:

• मुझे चाय चाहिए = I want / would like tea

So the exact English translation depends on context.

Because चाहिए already works as a complete predicate in this kind of sentence.

So Hindi says:

• मुझे पानी चाहिए
• उसे मदद चाहिए
• सबको दवा चाहिए

You do not normally add है after चाहिए.

So:

• सबको दवा चाहिए = correct
• सबको दवा चाहिए है = incorrect in standard Hindi

This is a very common question.

In sentences like this, चाहिए is generally used in the same form regardless of whether the person needing something is singular or plural.

Compare:

• मुझे दवा चाहिए = I need medicine
• उसे दवा चाहिए = He/she needs medicine
• हमको दवा चाहिए = We need medicine
• सबको दवा चाहिए = Everyone needs medicine

So चाहिए stays the same here.

In meaning, सबको is plural-like because it refers to everyone.

But grammatically, it behaves as a single expression meaning to all / to everyone.

Hindi often uses सब in this broad collective way:

• सब आए = Everyone came
• सबको पता है = Everyone knows
• सबको दवा चाहिए = Everyone needs medicine

So you can think of it as everyone rather than a simple plural all people.

दवा means medicine.

In सबको दवा चाहिए, दवा is the thing needed.

So the structure is:

• सबको = to everyone
• दवा = medicine
• चाहिए = is needed

Literally:

• To everyone, medicine is needed.

Natural English:

• Everyone needs medicine.

Yes. दवा and दवाई both mean medicine.

In many contexts, they are interchangeable:

• मुझे दवा चाहिए
• मुझे दवाई चाहिए

Both are natural.

Very broadly:

• दवा is a little shorter and very common in everyday Hindi
• दवाई is also extremely common and natural

Which one people prefer can vary by region, habit, and style.

Yes, Hindi word order is flexible, though some orders sound more neutral than others.

The most neutral version is:

• सबको दवा चाहिए।

But you may also hear:

• दवा सबको चाहिए।
• सबको चाहिए दवा। (less neutral, more marked)
• सबको दवा ही चाहिए। = Everyone needs medicine specifically.

Changing the order usually changes emphasis, not the core meaning.

For a learner, सबको दवा चाहिए is the safest standard order.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

sab-ko da-vaa chaa-hi-ye

A bit more naturally:

• सबको = sub-ko or sab-ko depending on accent
• दवा = da-vaa
• चाहिए = chaa-hi-ye

A rough full pronunciation:

• sub-ko da-vaa chaa-hi-ye

Notes:

• चाहिए has three audible parts: चा + हि + ए
• Don’t pronounce it like one English word such as chaiy only; keep the middle hi sound present

Yes — and that is actually very useful for understanding the grammar.

A literal breakdown is:

• सबको = to everyone
• दवा चाहिए = medicine is needed

So the Hindi structure is closer to:

• To everyone, medicine is needed.

But natural English usually says:

• Everyone needs medicine.

So:

• literal grammar sense: to everyone
• natural English meaning: everyone

Both ways of thinking are helpful.

Not exactly by itself.

सबको दवा चाहिए usually means:

• Everyone needs medicine or
• Everyone wants medicine

But it does not strongly mean:

• Everyone wants the specific medicine

If you want to emphasize a specific medicine, Hindi would often make that clearer through context or wording, for example with वह दवा or emphasis.

So by default, दवा here is understood more generally as medicine.

You keep दवा चाहिए and change the person marked with को.

Examples:

• मुझे दवा चाहिए। = I need medicine.
• तुम्हें dवा चाहिए। = You need medicine.
• उसे दवा चाहिए। = He/she needs medicine.
• हमें दवा चाहिए। = We need medicine.

So this pattern is very useful:

• [person + को] + [thing] + चाहिए

Examples:

• मुझे पानी चाहिए। = I need water.
• उसे मदद चाहिए। = He/she needs help.
• सबको दवा चाहिए। = Everyone needs medicine.

Yes, extremely common.

The pattern:

• X को Y चाहिए

is one of the most useful beginner patterns in Hindi.

It is used for:

• needs
• wants
• things required

Examples:

• मुझे समय चाहिए। = I need time.
• उसे पैसे चाहिए। = He/she needs money.
• बच्चों को खाना चाहिए। = Children need food.
• सबको दवा चाहिए। = Everyone needs medicine.

So this sentence is a great example of a very common structure.