मरीज को बुखार, खाँसी और ज़ुकाम है।

In this sentence, को marks the experiencer—the person who is affected by a condition.

Hindi often expresses having illnesses like this:

X को Y है = literally, To X, Y is

So:

मरीज को बुखार है
literally = To the patient, fever is
natural English = The patient has a fever

This pattern is very common with physical states and sensations, such as:

• मुझे भूख है = I am hungry / I have hunger
• उसे दर्द है = He/she has pain
• बच्चे को खाँसी है = The child has a cough

Hindi usually does not use a direct verb equivalent to English have in sentences like this.

Instead, it often uses a structure with:

• the person + को
• the thing/condition
• है / हैं

So instead of saying The patient has fever, Hindi says something closer to:

The patient is in a state of fever/cough/cold

That is why है appears here, not a separate verb meaning have.

This is a very natural question.

Even though बुखार, खाँसी और ज़ुकाम is a list of three conditions, Hindi often uses singular है when the whole list is being treated as one combined medical condition/state.

So:

मरीज को बुखार, खाँसी और ज़ुकाम है।
sounds natural and idiomatic.

You may also hear हैं in some contexts, especially if the speaker is thinking of the items more separately, but है is very common and natural here.

So the safest learner takeaway is:

• with a list of symptoms/conditions, है is often fine and very natural
• Hindi is not always as strict as English about singular/plural agreement in this kind of sentence

These are all common illness words:

• बुखार = fever
• खाँसी = cough
• ज़ुकाम = cold, especially a common cold with nasal symptoms

A useful nuance:

• खाँसी is specifically the symptom cough
• ज़ुकाम usually refers to a cold rather than just one symptom

So the sentence lists multiple health problems, not just one illness.

In Hindi, words like बुखार, खाँसी, and ज़ुकाम are usually treated as conditions or symptoms, not as countable items in the same way English sometimes treats nouns.

So Hindi normally says:

• उसे बुखार है
• उसे खाँसी है
• उसे ज़ुकाम है

not plural forms like fevers or coughs.

Even when several symptoms are listed together, each word usually stays in its normal dictionary form.

और means and.

So:

बुखार, खाँसी और ज़ुकाम
= fever, cough, and cold

It joins the last item in the list, just like English and.

The commas work much like English commas in a list.

खाँसी is pronounced roughly like khaan-see.

A few important points:

• ख is an aspirated k sound, like a strong kh
• ाँ shows that the vowel is nasalized
• सी sounds like see

So it is approximately:

khā̃sī

The nasalization is the reason for the ँ mark above the vowel.

The dot under ज़ is called a nukta.

It changes the basic letter ज into a sound closer to z:

• ज = j sound
• ज़ = z sound

So ज़ुकाम is pronounced roughly zukām, not jukām.

Many Hindi words borrowed from Persian, Arabic, or Urdu use letters with a nukta, such as:

• ज़
• फ़
• ख़
• ग़

In everyday writing, some people may omit the nukta, but the more careful spelling here is ज़ुकाम.

Yes. मरीज means patient and can refer to either a man or a woman, depending on context.

This sentence itself does not show the patient’s gender.

If you add other words, gender may become clearer, for example:

• मरीज आया। = The patient came. (male)
• मरीज आई। = The patient came. (female)

But in मरीज को बुखार, खाँसी और ज़ुकाम है, nothing in the sentence forces a male or female reading.

The natural order here is:

मरीज को + symptoms + है

So the pattern is:

[person affected] + को + [condition] + है

This is the standard Hindi way to say someone has a symptom or condition.

If you translated word-for-word into English order, it would sound something like:

To the patient fever, cough, and cold is

That sounds strange in English, but it is normal in Hindi.

A simple transliteration is:

marīz ko bukhār, khā̃sī aur zukām hai

A rough English-friendly pronunciation:

muh-REEZ ko bu-KHAAR, KHAAN-see aur zoo-KAAM hai

A few notes:

• री in मरीज sounds like ree
• खा in खाँसी and बुखार has an aspirated kh
• ँ in खाँसी nasalizes the vowel
• है is usually pronounced roughly like hai with a short open sound, not like English hay exactly

So the full sentence flows as:

marīz ko bukhār, khā̃sī aur zukām hai