मरीज को बुखार, खाँसी और ज़ुकाम है।

to be

Breakdown of मरीज को बुखार, खाँसी और ज़ुकाम है।

• और: and
• मरीज: patient
• बुखार: fever

Questions & Answers about मरीज को बुखार, खाँसी और ज़ुकाम है।

Why is को used after मरीज?

In this sentence, को marks the experiencer—the person who is affected by a condition.

Hindi often expresses having illnesses like this:

X को Y है = literally, To X, Y is

So:

मरीज को बुखार है
literally = To the patient, fever is
natural English = The patient has a fever

This pattern is very common with physical states and sensations, such as:

• मुझे भूख है = I am hungry / I have hunger
• उसे दर्द है = He/she has pain
• बच्चे को खाँसी है = The child has a cough

Why is there no verb meaning have in the sentence?

Hindi usually does not use a direct verb equivalent to English have in sentences like this.

Instead, it often uses a structure with:

• the person + को
• the thing/condition
• है / हैं

So instead of saying The patient has fever, Hindi says something closer to:

The patient is in a state of fever/cough/cold

That is why है appears here, not a separate verb meaning have.

Why is the verb है singular, even though there are three things listed?

This is a very natural question.