क्या तुम्हारा फोन मेज़ के ऊपर है?

Is your phone on the table?

Breakdown of क्या तुम्हारा फोन मेज़ के ऊपर है?

• होना: to be
• क्या: question marker
• फोन: phone
• मेज़: table

Questions & Answers about क्या तुम्हारा फोन मेज़ के ऊपर है?

What does क्या do at the beginning of the sentence?

Here क्या marks a yes/no question. It does not mean what in this sentence.

So:

• क्या तुम्हारा फोन मेज़ के ऊपर है? = a yes/no question
• क्या here is like a question marker, similar to putting Is ...? at the start in English

Hindi can also ask the same question without क्या, just by using rising intonation:

• तुम्हारा फोन मेज़ के ऊपर है?

That is also natural in speech.

Why is there no separate word for the or a?

Hindi normally does not use articles the way English does. There is no direct everyday equivalent of a or the in sentences like this.

So मेज़ can mean:

• a table
• the table

The exact meaning depends on context.

That is very normal in Hindi, and learners usually have to get used to understanding article-like meaning from the situation instead of from a separate word.

Why is it तुम्हारा instead of आपका?

तुम्हारा means your for the pronoun तुम, which is informal/familiar.

Hindi has different levels of you: