मैं बारिश में गरज सुनती हूँ।

में is a postposition, and here it means in or during.

So बारिश में means something like:

• in the rain
• during the rain

A useful thing to notice is that Hindi uses postpositions after a noun, where English uses prepositions before a noun.

• English: in the rain
• Hindi: बारिश में

Hindi usually follows Subject–Object–Verb order, while English usually follows Subject–Verb–Object.

So in this sentence:

• मैं = subject
• बारिश में = prepositional/postpositional phrase
• गरज = object
• सुनती हूँ = verb

That is why the sound being heard comes before the verb. In Hindi, the verb normally comes near the end.

This is a very common Hindi pattern.

• सुनती is the main verb form
• हूँ is the auxiliary verb meaning am

Together they make the present habitual/simple form.

You can think of it like this:

• सुनना = to hear / to listen
• सुनती हूँ = I hear / I listen

Hindi often builds tenses with:

• a main verb form
• plus a form of होना (to be)

Because the speaker is feminine.

In this kind of sentence, the verb agrees with the subject:

• feminine singular: सुनती हूँ
• masculine singular: सुनता हूँ

So:

• a woman/girl says मैं ... सुनती हूँ
• a man/boy says मैं ... सुनता हूँ

This is one of the first places where Hindi shows gender very clearly.

In this present habitual construction, the verb normally agrees with the subject, not the object.

So the important agreement is with मैं, not with गरज.

That is why the speaker’s gender changes the verb:

• मैं गरज सुनती हूँ — feminine speaker
• मैं गरज सुनता हूँ — masculine speaker

Because ने is not used here.

The marker ने is commonly used with many transitive perfective verbs, especially in past-type constructions. But this sentence is in the present habitual/simple, so the subject stays just मैं.

Compare:

• present habitual: मैं गरज सुनती हूँ
• perfective past: मैंने गरज सुनी

So a learner should remember:

• present habitual: usually no ने
• many perfective past transitive sentences: often ने

Because not every direct object takes को in Hindi.

With an inanimate, non-specific object like गरज, it is very normal to leave को out.

So:

• गरज सुनती हूँ is natural

Hindi often uses को more readily with:

• animate objects
• specific objects
• affected persons

A sound word like गरज usually appears without को here.

सुनती हूँ is usually the habitual/simple present form.

So it often gives a meaning like:

• I hear thunder in the rain
• I usually hear thunder in the rain
• I do hear thunder in the rain

If you want to strongly emphasize that it is happening right now, Hindi often uses the progressive:

• मैं बारिश में गरज सुन रही हूँ
  (for a feminine speaker)

So this sentence is most naturally read as a general or habitual present, unless context makes it clearly immediate.

Yes, often it can.

Hindi frequently drops subject pronouns when the meaning is already clear from context and the verb form.

So you could hear:

• बारिश में गरज सुनती हूँ

That still suggests I because of हूँ, and it also shows a feminine speaker because of सुनती.

However, keeping मैं is also completely normal, especially for clarity or emphasis.

गरज is a noun meaning something like:

• thunder
• rumbling
• roar

In this sentence, it refers to the sound being heard. It is related to the verb गरजना, which means to thunder or to roar.

So it is functioning as the thing heard, not as the main verb.

It can mean either, depending on context.

In this sentence, with a sound like गरज, it most naturally means hear.

That is because thunder is not usually something you intentionally listen to in the same way you listen to music or a speech. So here the sense is more like receiving a sound with your ears.

Hindi does not have articles like English a/an and the.

So nouns often appear by themselves:

• गरज can mean thunder, a thunder sound, or the thunder, depending on context

Hindi relies on context much more than English for this kind of meaning. So the sentence is normal without any article word.