הניתוח מתחיל בבוקר.

The prefix ה־ is the Hebrew definite article, meaning the.

So:

• ניתוח = an operation / a surgery / an analysis
• הניתוח = the operation / the surgery / the analysis

Hebrew usually attaches the directly to the noun instead of writing it as a separate word.

ניתוח can mean more than one thing, depending on context:

• surgery / operation
• analysis

So הניתוח מתחיל בבוקר could mean:

• The surgery starts in the morning
• The analysis starts in the morning

In real life, the surrounding context tells you which meaning is intended.

מתחיל is the masculine singular present-tense form of the verb להתחיל, meaning to start / to begin.

Hebrew present tense often covers meanings that English splits into:

• starts
• is starting
• sometimes even a general present like begins

So הניתוח מתחיל can naturally mean the operation starts or the operation is starting, depending on context.

Because הניתוח is a masculine singular noun.

In Hebrew, present-tense verbs agree with the noun in gender and number.

So:

• masculine singular: מתחיל
• feminine singular: מתחילה
• masculine plural: מתחילים
• feminine plural: מתחילות

Since ניתוח is masculine singular, the verb must be מתחיל.

In Hebrew, the verb to be is usually not expressed in the present tense.

So where English says:

• The operation is in the morning
• The operation is starting

Hebrew often just says the other words without a separate is.

In this sentence, though, מתחיל is already a real verb meaning starts / is starting, so no extra is is needed anyway.

בבוקר means in the morning.

It is made up of:

• ב־ = in / at
• הבוקר = the morning

When ב־ attaches to a noun with ה־ (the), the result is often written together:

• ב + הבוקר = בבוקר

So literally it is something like in-the-morning, but in natural English we say in the morning.

Great question. The definite article is still there historically and grammatically, but when certain prepositions attach to ה־, the form changes.

Common combinations are:

• ב + ה → בַּ / בָ-type form in fully pointed Hebrew
• ל + ה → לַ / לָ
• כ + ה → כַּ / כָ

In modern unpointed writing, this often appears simply as one word, like בבוקר.

So even though you do not see a separate ה, the phrase still means in the morning, not just in morning.

No, Hebrew word order is somewhat flexible.

The normal straightforward order here is:

• הניתוח מתחיל בבוקר
• The operation starts in the morning

But Hebrew can sometimes rearrange elements for emphasis, for example:

• בבוקר הניתוח מתחיל = In the morning, the operation starts
• הניתוח בבוקר מתחיל = possible in some contexts, though less neutral

For learners, the given order is a very natural and standard one.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

ha-nee-TOO-akh match-HEEL ba-BO-ker

More closely:

• הניתוח = ha-ni-TU-ach
• מתחיל = mat-CHIL or match-HEEL depending on how you approximate the sounds
• בבוקר = ba-BO-ker

A couple of notes:

• The sound written here as kh or ch in ניתוח is the throaty Hebrew ח sound.
• The stress is usually:
  • ha-ni-TU-ach
  • mat-CHIL
  • ba-BO-ker

Yes. Starts and begins are both good translations of מתחיל.

So possible natural translations include:

• The operation starts in the morning
• The operation begins in the morning
• The surgery starts in the morning

The best English choice depends on context and style, not on a difference in the Hebrew grammar.

The main change would be the present-tense verb form.

For a feminine singular subject, you would use מתחילה instead of מתחיל.

Example:

• הפגישה מתחילה בבוקר.
• The meeting starts in the morning.

So this sentence is a good example of how Hebrew present-tense verbs agree with the subject in gender.