Hukumar ta inganta sufuri.

she/it

Breakdown of Hukumar ta inganta sufuri.

• sufuri: the transport; transportation
• hukuma: the authority; official body
• inganta: to improve; make better

Questions & Answers about Hukumar ta inganta sufuri.

Why is ta included when Hukumar is already the subject?

In Hausa, a full subject noun is usually followed by a subject marker that also shows tense/aspect. So the pattern is often:

• Hukumar = the agency / authority
• ta = 3rd person singular feminine completive/perfective marker
• inganta sufuri = improved transport

So ta is not unnecessary repetition. It is a normal part of Hausa sentence structure.

Why does Hukumar end in -r?

The base noun is hukuma. The -r here is the common feminine definite ending, so hukumar is roughly the agency / the authority.

A learner can often think of:

• hukuma = an agency / agency
• hukumar = the agency

This is one of the ways Hausa handles definiteness, instead of using a separate word like English the.

Why is the marker ta feminine? An agency is not female.