Hukumar ta duba shaida sannan ta ba ni izini.

Hukuma is the basic noun, while Hukumar is the definite form, roughly the agency / the authority.

In Hausa, definiteness is often shown with an ending such as -r or -n. Because hukuma is a feminine noun, it takes -r, giving hukumar.

So Hukumar here means something like the agency rather than just an agency.

In Hausa, a finite verb normally needs a preverbal subject marker. Here, ta is the marker used for 3rd person singular feminine in the completive aspect.

So Hukumar ta duba is literally structured more like:

the agency + it + checked

That may feel redundant to an English speaker, but it is normal Hausa grammar.

Because there are two verb phrases:

• ta duba shaida
• ta ba ni izini

Each clause needs its own subject marker, so ta appears again before the second verb. Both ta forms refer back to Hukumar.

Because Hukumar is grammatically feminine singular.

Hausa has grammatical gender, and verbs agree with that through the subject marker. For a masculine singular subject in this kind of clause, you would usually expect ya, but for a feminine singular subject you get ta.

This is grammatical gender, not biological sex, so even an inanimate institution like Hukumar can be feminine.

They are in the completive aspect, which often corresponds to the English simple past in sentences like this.

So:

• ta duba = checked / examined
• ta ba = gave

The completive is used for actions viewed as completed, especially in narration of events.

Sannan means then, after that, or and then.

It links the two actions in sequence:

1. the agency checked the evidence
2. then it gave permission

So sannan does more than a plain and; it shows that one action happened after the other.

Hausa often allows a noun to appear without an explicit definite ending, especially when the meaning is general or clear from context.

So duba shaida can mean check evidence or check the evidence, depending on context. If you wanted to mark it as clearly definite, shaidar would be a more explicitly definite form.

This is one place where Hausa and English do not match word-for-word.

Here ba is the verb to give.

The order is:

• ba
• ni = me
• izini = permission

So ta ba ni izini literally means she/it gave me permission, with ni as the recipient.

No. It is the same spelling, but not the same word or function.

In this sentence, ba is clearly the verb give:

• ta ba ni izini = it gave me permission

The negative ba belongs to a different grammatical pattern. So here there is no negation at all.

A useful way to see it is:

• Hukumar = subject noun
• ta = subject/aspect marker
• duba shaida = verb + object
• sannan = then
• ta ba ni izini = second clause

So the whole sentence follows a very common Hausa pattern:

subject noun + subject marker + verb + object + linker + subject marker + verb

If you keep that pattern in mind, sentences like this become much easier to read.