Ni na amince da shirin da malami ya rubuta a kan allo.

Yes, both are related to I, but they have different roles.

• Ni = independent pronoun I / me.
• na here is the subject marker attached to the verb, and in this pattern it also works as a focus marker.

Ni na amince… literally has the sense of:

It is I who agreed… / I am the one who agreed…

So:

• Na amince da shirin… = I agreed with the plan… (neutral).
• Ni na amince da shirin… = I am the one who agreed with the plan… (emphasis on I, maybe contrasting with others who didn’t).

You normally can’t drop na; you can sometimes drop Ni (if you don’t want emphasis).

Yes, that is perfectly correct:

• Na amince da shirin da malami ya rubuta a kan allo.

The core meaning (I agreed with the plan the teacher wrote on the board) is the same, but:

• With Ni na amince… → emphasis on I.
• With Na amince… → simple, neutral statement.

So Ni is optional here and is mainly for focus/contrast.

The verb amince means something like to agree / to accept / to approve.

In Hausa, amince normally takes its object with the preposition da:

• amince da X = to agree with / accept / approve (of) X

So:

• amince da shirin = to agree with the plan / to accept the plan

Here, the first da is just a preposition meaning with, required by the verb amince. It is not the same da as the one that introduces the relative clause later in the sentence.

They are spelled the same but function differently.

1. amince da shirin

   • Here da is a preposition meaning with.
   • amince da X = agree with X / accept X.

2. shirin da malami ya rubuta…

   • Here da is a relative word meaning that / which / who.
   • shirin da malami ya rubuta = the plan that the teacher wrote.

So:

• First da → preposition (with).
• Second da → relative connector (that / which).

The base noun is shiri = plan, program, preparation.

The -n on the end in shirin is a suffix that often marks:

• Definiteness (something like the plan), or
• Genitive/connecting form when the noun is linked to something after it.

In the phrase shirin da malami ya rubuta:

• shiri
  • -n → shirin
• Followed by the relative da → shirin da…

You can understand shirin da malami ya rubuta as:

• the plan that the teacher wrote

So shirin here is effectively the plan, not just a plan.

da malami ya rubuta is part of a relative clause that describes shirin:

• shirin da malami ya rubuta a kan allo
  = the plan that the teacher wrote on the board

Breakdown:

• shirin = the plan
• da = that/which (relative marker)
• malami = (the) teacher
• ya rubuta = he wrote
• a kan allo = on the board

So the whole relative clause da malami ya rubuta a kan allo specifies which plan is meant.

In a basic relative clause like this, Hausa typically uses:

• [noun] + ya/ta [verb] for [noun] that/who [verb-ed]

Here:

• malami = teacher
• ya = 3rd person masculine singular subject marker (he)
• rubuta = wrote

So malami ya rubuta = the teacher wrote / that the teacher wrote.

Adding ne/ce (like malami ne ya rubuta) would introduce an extra focus structure and change the nuance; it’s not needed for a normal relative clause here.

ya rubuta is the perfective form of the verb rubuta (to write).

• ya rubuta roughly = he wrote / he has written

Key points:

• No extra tense ending is added; the perfective is often the bare verb form after the subject marker.
• The context often decides whether English should use wrote, has written, or did write.

In this sentence, da malami ya rubuta a kan allo is best understood as:

• that the teacher wrote on the board (completed action).

The verb is rubuta (to write). Its perfective 3rd person masculine singular is:

• ya rubuta (he wrote)

Hausa verbs don’t usually change their final vowel in the perfective 3rd person; instead, aspect and person are indicated mainly by:

• the subject marker (here ya), and
• the verb form (here the perfective stem rubuta).

So ya rubuta is the standard, correct form for he wrote.

a kan is written as two words here:

• a = preposition in / at / on (very general)
• kan = top / surface / on top of

Together, a kan = on (the surface of), i.e. on.

• allo = board (e.g. blackboard / whiteboard)

So:

• a kan allo = on the board

You may also see it written as akan in some texts; in many contexts a kan and akan are used interchangeably in modern writing, especially with the meaning on / about, though some speakers keep a kan more literally on top of.

Hausa usually does not use a separate word for the or a. Instead, definiteness is understood from:

• context,
• suffixes (like the -n in shirin), or
• prior mention.

In da shirin da malami ya rubuta a kan allo:

• malami will normally be understood as the teacher (the one both speaker and listener know about, e.g. the classroom teacher).

If you needed to say a teacher in a context where it really matters, you would often rely on broader context or add something extra (like wani malami = a certain teacher).

Yes, it is a fully complete sentence:

• Ni na amince = I (am the one who) agreed
• da shirin = with the plan
• da malami ya rubuta a kan allo = that the teacher wrote on the board

Altogether:

• Ni na amince da shirin da malami ya rubuta a kan allo.
  = I am the one who agreed with the plan that the teacher wrote on the board.

Yes, in many contexts amince da and yarda da are close in meaning:

• amince da shirin ≈ yarda da shirin

Both can mean to agree with / accept the plan, though:

• amince da often has a nuance of approve, officially accept, consent to.
• yarda da is often more believe / trust / agree with.

In this sentence, Ni na amince da shirin… is very natural; Ni na yarda da shirin… would also be understandable but may sound slightly different in nuance depending on context.