Το άλογο τρέχει.

το is the definite article, equivalent to the in English.

In Το άλογο τρέχει., το goes with άλογο and means the horse.

Greek articles change depending on:

• gender
• number
• case

Here, το is the neuter singular nominative/accusative form.

So:

• το άλογο = the horse

In Greek, every noun has a grammatical gender: masculine, feminine, or neuter. This does not always match biological sex.

άλογο is simply the standard dictionary word for horse, and it is neuter:

• το άλογο

If you specifically want to say a male horse or female horse, Greek can use more specific words, but the basic word άλογο is neuter regardless of the animal’s sex.

So this is a matter of grammar, not natural gender.

άλογο is in the nominative singular.

That is the form normally used for the subject of the sentence, and in this sentence the horse is the subject because it is the one doing the action.

So:

• το άλογο = the subject
• τρέχει = the action

τρέχει is the verb form meaning runs / is running.

This form tells you the subject is:

• third person
• singular

So it matches:

• he/she/it runs
• or in this sentence, the horse runs

Greek verbs often contain information that English sometimes needs a pronoun to show. Because τρέχει already tells us it is third-person singular, Greek does not need a separate word for it here.

Yes. τρέχει is present tense.

In Greek, the present tense can often translate into English as either:

• runs
• is running

Which one sounds better depends on context.

So Το άλογο τρέχει. could mean:

• The horse runs.
• The horse is running.

Without more context, both are possible.

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation is:

to A-lo-gho TRE-khee

A few details:

• Το sounds like toh
• ά shows the stressed syllable in άλογο
• γ before ο here sounds like a soft throaty sound, often written gh
• χ in τρέχει is a stronger throaty sound, often written kh
• The stress in τρέχει is on τρέ-

So the stress pattern is:

• TO Álogo TRÉkhei? No. More accurately:
• to Álogo TRÉkhei

The accent marks show which syllable is stressed.

• άλογο → stress on the first syllable: Á-lo-go
• τρέχει → stress on the first syllable: TRÉ-khi

Stress matters in Greek pronunciation and is normally written, so learners should pay close attention to it.

Greek often drops subject pronouns when they are not needed.

In English, we usually say:

• It runs

But in Greek, the verb ending already tells you the subject is third-person singular, so a separate pronoun is usually unnecessary.

That is why Greek naturally says:

• Το άλογο τρέχει not something like
• Το άλογο αυτό τρέχει just to mean the horse runs

Greek is often called a pro-drop language for this reason.

Yes, you can.

Greek word order is more flexible than English because endings and articles help show grammatical roles.

Both of these are grammatical:

• Το άλογο τρέχει.
• Τρέχει το άλογο.

The first is the most neutral and straightforward for a beginner.

The second may sound slightly more like:

• The horse is running or may put a bit more focus on the action, depending on context.

So the default beginner pattern is:

• article + noun + verb

Because it is the first word of the sentence.

Greek capitalizes the first word of a sentence just like English does.

If the phrase appeared in the middle of a sentence, it would normally be:

• το άλογο

Not always.

You use το άλογο when you mean:

• the horse

Without the article, άλογο can mean something more like:

• a horse
• horse in a general or less specific sense, depending on context

Greek does not have a separate word for a/an, so the absence of the definite article often helps express that idea.

Compare:

• το άλογο = the horse
• άλογο = a horse / horse

Yes. It is a completely normal and complete Greek sentence.

It has:

• a subject: το άλογο
• a verb: τρέχει

That is enough to make a full sentence:

• The horse runs / is running

Greek often uses short simple sentences like this in beginner material because they clearly show how article, noun, and verb work together.