Ο σπόρος φυτρώνει γρήγορα.

Ο is the definite article, meaning the.

In Greek, the article changes form to match the noun’s:

• gender
• number
• case

Here, σπόρος is masculine singular nominative, so the correct article is ο.

So:

• ο σπόρος = the seed

Unlike English, Greek articles give grammatical information, not just definiteness.

Σπόρος is a masculine noun meaning seed.

In this sentence it is in the nominative singular, because it is the subject of the verb.

A learner will often notice that many masculine nouns use the ending -ος, and σπόρος is one of them.

So grammatically:

• ο σπόρος = subject of the sentence
• nominative singular masculine

Φυτρώνει is the 3rd person singular present tense of the verb φυτρώνω.

That means it corresponds to:

• it sprouts
• it grows
• it germinates

In this sentence, the subject is ο σπόρος, so Greek uses the 3rd person singular verb form.

A basic breakdown:

• φυτρώνω = I sprout / grow / germinate
• φυτρώνει = he/she/it sprouts / grows / germinates

Because γρήγορα is an adverb, and the sentence needs an adverb to describe how the seed sprouts.

• γρήγορος = fast / quick as an adjective
• γρήγορα = quickly as an adverb

Here it modifies the verb φυτρώνει, not the noun σπόρος.

So:

• γρήγορος σπόρος would mean a fast seed (adjective describing the noun)
• φυτρώνει γρήγορα means sprouts quickly (adverb describing the verb)

Yes. The accent marks show which syllable is stressed.

In this sentence:

• σπόρος → stress on σπό-
• φυτρώνει → stress on -τρώ-
• γρήγορα → stress on γρή-

This matters for pronunciation, because Greek stress is regular in writing and should be pronounced clearly.

Notice that ο has no accent mark. Monosyllabic words like this article often do not need one.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

o SPO-ros fee-TRO-nee GREE-gho-ra

A few helpful notes:

• σπ sounds like sp
• φυ sounds like fee
• ει in φυτρώνει sounds like ee
• γρ in γρήγορα does not have an exact English sound, so the rough guide is only approximate

The written stress is on:

• SPO-
• -TRO-
• GREE-

Not completely. Greek word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral, straightforward order here is:

• Ο σπόρος φυτρώνει γρήγορα.

But Greek can move things around for emphasis, for example:

• Γρήγορα φυτρώνει ο σπόρος.
• Ο σπόρος γρήγορα φυτρώνει.

These alternatives are possible, though they may sound more marked or emphasize a different part of the sentence.

So the given order is natural and neutral, but not the only possible one.

Yes, Greek often drops the subject when it is clear from context.

So Φυτρώνει γρήγορα can mean:

• It sprouts quickly
• It grows quickly

However, in that version, you depend on context to know what it is.

Including ο σπόρος makes the subject explicit:

• The seed sprouts quickly

This is very common in Greek: the verb ending often gives enough information, so the subject is not always stated.

It often means something a bit more specific than the general English verb grow.

Φυτρώνω is commonly used for things like:

• seeds sprouting
• plants coming up from the ground
• hair or nails growing
• something starting to grow where it appears naturally

So in this sentence, sprouts or germinates may be more precise than the broad English word grows, depending on the translation you were shown.

Because adverbs do not agree with nouns.

Greek adjectives change to match a noun’s:

• gender
• number
• case

But adverbs stay the same because they modify:

• verbs
• adjectives
• other adverbs

So γρήγορα stays γρήγορα, regardless of whether the subject is singular, plural, masculine, feminine, or neuter.

That is why:

• ο σπόρος φυτρώνει γρήγορα
• οι σπόροι φυτρώνουν γρήγορα

In both sentences, γρήγορα stays the same.