Ο καινούριος γείτονας έχει καστανά μαλλιά και ήρεμο πρόσωπο.

Ο is the masculine singular definite article in the nominative case, meaning the.

So:

• ο = the for a masculine singular noun
• γείτονας = neighbor

Together, ο γείτονας means the neighbor.

It is nominative here because the neighbor is the subject of the sentence.

καινούριος means new. It is an adjective describing γείτονας.

Greek adjectives usually agree with the noun they describe in:

• gender
• number
• case

Since γείτονας is:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative

the adjective also appears as καινούριος.

So:

• ο γείτονας = the neighbor
• ο καινούριος γείτονας = the new neighbor

Because Greek marks grammar through endings much more than English does.

In ο καινούριος γείτονας:

• ο matches the noun as masculine singular nominative
• καινούριος also matches the noun as masculine singular nominative
• γείτονας itself has its own masculine singular nominative form

This agreement is very normal in Greek. English does not show this kind of matching as clearly.

γείτονας is in the nominative singular.

You can tell from its job in the sentence: it is the one doing the having, so it is the subject.

The verb is έχει = has, and the subject is ο καινούριος γείτονας = the new neighbor.

So the structure is:

• subject: Ο καινούριος γείτονας
• verb: έχει
• objects/descriptions: καστανά μαλλιά και ήρεμο πρόσωπο

έχει is the third person singular form of έχω = to have.

So:

• έχω = I have
• έχεις = you have
• έχει = he/she/it has

Here the subject is the new neighbor, which is he/she in grammatical terms, so Greek uses έχει.

That is a very common learner question.

In Greek, μαλλιά is very often used in the plural when talking about someone’s hair in general.

So:

• μαλλί = a hair / hair (less common for general hairstyle descriptions)
• μαλλιά = hair

This is one of those places where Greek and English organize the idea differently.

So καστανά μαλλιά literally looks like brown hairs, but in natural English it means brown hair.

Because καστανά has to agree with μαλλιά.

μαλλιά is:

• neuter
• plural

So the adjective must also be:

• neuter plural

That gives καστανά.

Compare:

• καστανός = masculine singular
• καστανή = feminine singular
• καστανό = neuter singular
• καστανά = neuter plural

Since μαλλιά is neuter plural, καστανά μαλλιά is the correct form.

Because πρόσωπο is a neuter singular noun.

So the adjective describing it must also be neuter singular:

• ήρεμος = masculine singular
• ήρεμη = feminine singular
• ήρεμο = neuter singular

Since πρόσωπο is neuter singular, Greek says:

• ήρεμο πρόσωπο = a calm face

This has nothing to do with the neighbor being male or female. The adjective matches πρόσωπο, not γείτονας.

Because Greek often omits the indefinite article.

English says:

• a calm face

Greek very naturally says simply:

• ήρεμο πρόσωπο

Greek does have a word that can mean a/an in some contexts (ένας, μία, ένα), but it is often not needed, especially in straightforward descriptions.

So:

• έχει ήρεμο πρόσωπο = literally has calm face
• natural English: has a calm face

και means and.

It connects the two things the neighbor has:

• καστανά μαλλιά
• ήρεμο πρόσωπο

So the structure is:

• has [brown hair] and [a calm face]

Greek uses και very much like English and here.

Usually yes in this kind of sentence, but it can also mean face in a slightly broader or more formal sense depending on context.

Here, ήρεμο πρόσωπο means something like:

• a calm face
• a serene expression

So the translation face is absolutely natural here.

Yes, but it would mean something slightly different.

• ήρεμο πρόσωπο = a calm face / calm-looking face
• ήρεμη έκφραση = a calm expression

The given sentence focuses on the person’s face/appearance, not just the facial expression.

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation is:

• GHEE-to-nas

More exactly in Modern Greek:

• γεί sounds roughly like yee with a soft sound before it
• stress is on γεί
• τονας sounds like to-nas

So the stress is on the first syllable: ΓΕΙ-το-νας.

A simple approximation is:

• EH-hi

The χ sound is not like English h exactly. It is a Greek sound made farther back in the mouth, similar to the ch in German ich for many speakers here.

The stress is on the first syllable:

• Ε-χει

Because that is the normal position for an adjective in this kind of noun phrase:

• article + adjective + noun

So:

• ο καινούριος γείτονας
• literally: the new neighbor

This is one of the most common patterns in Greek.

You may also see other adjective positions in Greek, but this is the basic and expected one for learners.

Yes, Greek word order is often more flexible than English, because endings help show grammatical relationships.

The neutral, straightforward order here is:

• Ο καινούριος γείτονας έχει καστανά μαλλιά και ήρεμο πρόσωπο.

But in some contexts Greek could move things around for emphasis.

Still, for a learner, the given order is the best one to use and recognize first:

• subject + verb + description

They can both mean new, but they are not always identical.

• καινούριος often emphasizes brand-new / new to the situation
• νέος can mean new, but also young

So in a sentence like this, καινούριος γείτονας clearly means:

• the new neighbor = the neighbor who recently moved in / is new here

That makes καινούριος a very natural choice.

Greek accents show which syllable is stressed.

For example:

• καινούριος
• γείτονας
• έχει
• καστανά
• ήρεμο
• πρόσωπο

If you ignore the accents, people may still understand you sometimes, but correct stress is an important part of speaking naturally in Greek.

For learners, it is very helpful to learn each new word together with its accent.