Το λουλούδι ανθίζει την άνοιξη και κάθε φύλλο γίνεται πιο πράσινο.

Το λουλούδι literally means the flower:

• το = the for a neuter singular noun
• λουλούδι = flower

In Greek, a singular noun with the definite article can often be used generically, especially in descriptive or general statements. So depending on context, Το λουλούδι ανθίζει την άνοιξη can mean:

• The flower blooms in spring (a specific flower)
• or more generally Flowers bloom in spring / The flower blooms in spring as a general truth

Greek does this more naturally than English in some cases.

You can tell λουλούδι is neuter singular because of the article το.

Greek nouns have grammatical gender:

• ο = masculine
• η = feminine
• το = neuter

So:

• το λουλούδι = the flower → neuter
• κάθε φύλλο = every leaf → also neuter, because φύλλο is a neuter noun

This matters because adjectives and some other words must agree with the noun’s gender, number, and case.

Both are in the present tense, third person singular:

• ανθίζει = it blooms / is blooming
• γίνεται = it becomes / is becoming

In this sentence, the present tense expresses a general truth or habitual action, not necessarily something happening right this second.

So the sentence describes what happens in spring in general.

Ανθίζει comes from the verb ανθίζω, which means:

• to bloom
• to blossom
• sometimes more literally to flower

So Το λουλούδι ανθίζει means The flower blooms.

It is a very natural verb to use for plants and flowers.

Because την άνοιξη is in the accusative case, and Greek often uses the accusative to express time when something happens.

So:

• η άνοιξη = spring as the subject form (nominative)
• την άνοιξη = in spring / during spring (accusative)

This is a very common Greek pattern:

• τον χειμώνα = in winter
• το καλοκαίρι = in summer
• το πρωί = in the morning

So ανθίζει την άνοιξη means blooms in spring.

Greek uses the article much more often than English.

So την άνοιξη literally looks like the spring, but in actual usage it simply means:

• in spring
• during spring

This is normal Greek, not especially emphatic or unusual. English often drops the article in seasonal expressions, but Greek usually keeps it.

Because κάθε means each or every, and in Greek it is followed by a singular noun, not a plural one.

So:

• κάθε φύλλο = every leaf / each leaf

Even though the meaning is distributive and refers to many leaves, the noun stays singular after κάθε.

This is similar to English:

• every leaf not
• every leaves

Correct: γίνεται is not the verb to be.

It comes from γίνομαι, which means:

• to become
• to happen
• to be made / to turn into, depending on context

Here it means becomes:

• κάθε φύλλο γίνεται πιο πράσινο = every leaf becomes greener

So the sentence is not saying the leaf is green, but that it becomes more green.

πιο means more, so:

• πράσινο = green
• πιο πράσινο = greener / more green

Greek often forms comparatives with πιο + adjective, just like English more + adjective.

So:

• πιο πράσινο = more green
• in natural English: greener

This is one of the most common and useful ways to make comparatives in Modern Greek.

Because it must agree with φύλλο, which is neuter singular.

Greek adjectives agree with the noun in:

• gender
• number
• case

So with φύλλο (neuter singular), the adjective also appears in the neuter singular form:

• φύλλο → neuter singular
• πράσινο → neuter singular

Compare:

• πράσινος = masculine
• πράσινη = feminine
• πράσινο = neuter

Yes. Literally, πιο πράσινο is more green.

But in natural English, we usually say:

• greener

So the Greek structure is analytic:

• πιο + adjective

English can do both:

• more green
• greener

In most ordinary translations here, greener sounds best.

Because κάθε already functions as a determiner.

So Greek says:

• κάθε φύλλο = every leaf

You normally would not say κάθε το φύλλο in a sentence like this. That would be a different structure and usually not appropriate here.

So κάθε fills the role that words like the, a, or every fill in English.

Greek word order is more flexible than English, because endings and articles give a lot of grammatical information.

The given order is very natural:

• Το λουλούδι ανθίζει την άνοιξη και κάθε φύλλο γίνεται πιο πράσινο.

But Greek could reorder parts for emphasis, for example:

• Την άνοιξη το λουλούδι ανθίζει...

That puts more focus on in spring.

Even so, the original version is a very normal, neutral word order for learners to use.

Yes, here και simply means and:

• Το λουλούδι ανθίζει την άνοιξη και κάθε φύλλο γίνεται πιο πράσινο.
• The flower blooms in spring and every leaf becomes greener.

It is one of the most common Greek words and usually translates directly as and, though in other contexts it can also help with emphasis or mean something closer to also/even.

The accent marks show which syllable is stressed:

• Το λουλούδι → loo-LOO-thee
• ανθίζει → an-THEE-zee
• την άνοιξη → teen A-nee-ksee
• κάθε → KA-theh
• φύλλο → FEE-lyo
• γίνεται → YEE-neh-teh
• πιο → PYO
• πράσινο → PRA-see-no

A learner should especially notice that the written accent in Greek is very important for pronunciation.