Ο δικαιούχος της επιδότησης πληρώνει την ίδια συμμετοχή.

Because Greek is using the genitive case here.

• η επιδότηση = the subsidy/grant, in the nominative form
• της επιδότησης = of the subsidy/grant, in the genitive form

After ο δικαιούχος (the beneficiary / entitled person), Greek uses the genitive to show what the person is the beneficiary of.

So:

• ο δικαιούχος της επιδότησης = the beneficiary of the subsidy

Greek often expresses of just by putting the second noun in the genitive, without a separate word.

The subject is Ο δικαιούχος της επιδότησης.

You can tell because:

• ο δικαιούχος is in the nominative
• πληρώνει is a 3rd person singular verb, matching that subject

So the person doing the action is the beneficiary of the subsidy.

It is in the accusative singular feminine, because it is the direct object of πληρώνει (pays).

All three words match each other:

• την = feminine accusative singular article
• ίδια = feminine accusative singular adjective
• συμμετοχή = feminine accusative singular noun

So Greek shows very clearly that this whole phrase is the thing being paid.

Here ίδια means same.

It comes from ίδιος, ίδια, ίδιο = same / identical.

Because it modifies συμμετοχή, it changes form to agree with it:

• συμμετοχή is feminine singular accusative
• so the adjective becomes ίδια

So την ίδια συμμετοχή means the same contribution / the same copayment / the same share.

A useful note: ο ίδιος / η ίδια / το ίδιο can also sometimes mean self / himself / herself, but in this sentence it clearly means same because it is directly describing συμμετοχή.

Because Greek often uses the genitive case instead of a separate word like of.

So instead of saying something like the beneficiary of the subsidy with a separate preposition, Greek simply says:

• ο δικαιούχος της επιδότησης

That της επιδότησης ending already carries the of the subsidy meaning.

This is a very common Greek pattern.

It describes δικαιούχος.

So the structure is:

• Ο δικαιούχος της επιδότησης = the beneficiary of the subsidy
• πληρώνει
• την ίδια συμμετοχή

It does not mean something like the subsidy’s contribution. The genitive phrase belongs with δικαιούχος.

A good way to see the structure is:

• [Ο δικαιούχος της επιδότησης] [πληρώνει] [την ίδια συμμετοχή]

Yes. πληρώνει is the present tense, 3rd person singular, from πληρώνω (to pay).

It can mean either:

• pays (habitual / general)
• is paying (right now)

Greek present tense often covers both ideas, and context tells you which one is meant.

So without more context, πληρώνει could describe either:

• a general rule
• something happening at the moment

Because Greek usually does not need subject pronouns unless there is emphasis or contrast.

The verb ending already tells you the person and number:

• πληρώνει = he/she/it pays

And in this sentence the noun subject is already stated:

• Ο δικαιούχος της επιδότησης

So adding a pronoun would usually be unnecessary.

This is normal in Greek: the language is often pro-drop, meaning subject pronouns are frequently omitted.

Because Greek uses the definite article a lot, and the article also shows gender, number, and case.

Here they tell you important grammatical information:

• ο = nominative masculine singular
• της = genitive feminine singular
• την = accusative feminine singular

So the articles are doing more work than English the.
They help you see:

• who is the subject
• which noun is in the genitive
• what the direct object is

That is one reason Greek word order can be more flexible than English.

Yes, Greek word order is more flexible than English because case endings and articles help show each word’s role.

The sentence as written has a neutral order:

• Ο δικαιούχος της επιδότησης πληρώνει την ίδια συμμετοχή.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Την ίδια συμμετοχή πληρώνει ο δικαιούχος της επιδότησης.

That might emphasize την ίδια συμμετοχή.

Even when the order changes, the cases still show:

• ο δικαιούχος = subject
• την ίδια συμμετοχή = object

No. δικαιούχος can be used for both masculine and feminine, but the article changes.

• ο δικαιούχος = a male beneficiary / entitled person
• η δικαιούχος = a female beneficiary / entitled person

So the noun form stays the same, but the article tells you the gender.

That is fairly common with some Greek nouns ending in -ος.

Because they belong to different noun patterns.

• η επιδότηση is a feminine noun in -ηση
• η συμμετοχή is a feminine noun in -ή

So they change differently depending on case.

For example:

η επιδότηση

• nominative: η επιδότηση
• genitive: της επιδότησης
• accusative: την επιδότηση

η συμμετοχή

• nominative: η συμμετοχή
• genitive: της συμμετοχής
• accusative: τη(ν) συμμετοχή

So the different endings are normal and reflect different declension types.

Yes, συμμετοχή often literally means participation or taking part, but in administrative, financial, or medical contexts it can also mean a person’s share of the cost, contribution, or copayment.

So in this sentence it does not mean participation in the everyday sense.
It means the amount the person personally contributes or pays.

This kind of specialized meaning is very common in formal Greek.

There are two main agreement patterns:

1. Ο δικαιούχος

   • article + noun
   • both are masculine singular nominative

2. την ίδια συμμετοχή

   • article + adjective + noun
   • all three are feminine singular accusative

This agreement is one of the key features of Greek grammar.
It helps you identify which words belong together and what role they play in the sentence.