Η εφυάλωση γίνεται μετά την πρώτη όπτηση.

Η is the feminine singular definite article in the nominative case. It matches εφυάλωση, which is a feminine singular noun.

A native English speaker often expects no article with an abstract process, but Greek uses the definite article much more often than English does. So η εφυάλωση is perfectly natural Greek.

Εφυάλωση is a noun, not a verb. It refers to the process of applying glaze.

It is:

• feminine
• singular
• here in the nominative, because it is the subject of the sentence

Also, the ending -ωση is very common in Greek for nouns that describe a process, action, or result.

Γίνεται is the 3rd person singular present of γίνομαι.

The basic idea of γίνομαι is become, happen, or take place. But in technical or procedural language, it often works like:

• is done
• takes place
• is carried out
• happens

So in this sentence, γίνεται is a very natural way to describe a step in a process.

Greek often uses the present tense to describe:

• general facts
• usual procedures
• instructions
• steps in a process

So this sentence is not necessarily talking about one single event happening right now. It is describing the normal sequence of a procedure.

That is why Greek uses γίνεται, even though in English we may express it as a general passive statement.

Μετά means after in Modern Greek, and it normally takes the accusative case.

So after μετά, you get:

• την = feminine singular accusative article
• πρώτη όπτηση = also in the accusative

That is why the phrase is μετά την πρώτη όπτηση.

Πρώτη is the adjective first, and it agrees with όπτηση.

Since όπτηση is:

• feminine
• singular
• accusative

the adjective must match it.

So:

• η πρώτη όπτηση = the first firing
• μετά την πρώτη όπτηση = after the first firing

A useful thing to notice: in Modern Greek, the feminine singular form πρώτη looks the same in both nominative and accusative, so the article η / την helps show the case.

Όπτηση is a feminine noun meaning firing, especially in a kiln, as in ceramics or pottery.

In this sentence it is in the accusative singular, because it comes after μετά.

So:

• η όπτηση = the firing
• την όπτηση = the firing, as an object of a preposition here

Yes. Greek word order is more flexible than English word order.

This sentence has a very normal, neutral order:

• Η εφυάλωση = subject
• γίνεται = verb
• μετά την πρώτη όπτηση = time phrase

But Greek could also say:

Μετά την πρώτη όπτηση γίνεται η εφυάλωση.

That would put more focus on the timing. The meaning stays basically the same.

Greek often prefers a more general process expression instead of copying the exact English passive structure.

Here, Greek says something more like:

• the glazing takes place
• the glazing is done

rather than building the sentence around a passive verb meaning is glazed.

So η εφυάλωση γίνεται is a very natural Greek way to describe a production step.

A rough pronunciation is:

i e-fi-A-lo-si YI-ne-te me-TA tin PRO-ti OP-ti-si

A slightly more precise version is:

/i efiˈalosi ˈʝinete meˈta tin ˈproti ˈoptisi/

A few helpful notes:

• η sounds like ee
• γ before ι in γίνεται sounds like a soft y sound
• εφυάλωση has the stress on ά
• όπτηση has the stress on ό
• πτ in όπτηση is pronounced as pt