Παρά το γεγονός ότι έχει αδικαιολόγητη απουσία, κάνει τη γραπτή εργασία.

Παρά το γεγονός ότι is a set phrase meaning despite the fact that.

It introduces a contrast:

• something is true: έχει αδικαιολόγητη απουσία
• but something else still happens: κάνει τη γραπτή εργασία

So the sentence structure is basically:

Despite the fact that + clause, main clause.

A shorter and more everyday alternative is often αν και (although / even though), but παρά το γεγονός ότι sounds a bit more formal and heavier.

Here, παρά is followed by the accusative, so we get:

• το γεγονός = the fact (accusative singular, neuter)

The phrase is literally:

• παρά = despite
• το γεγονός = the fact
• ότι = that

So literally: despite the fact that ...

This is just how the fixed expression works in Greek.

Ότι means that and introduces a subordinate clause.

In this sentence:

• Παρά το γεγονός ότι έχει αδικαιολόγητη απουσία...
• ...despite the fact that he/she has an unjustified absence...

So ότι links το γεγονός with the full statement that follows.

You can think of it as the same that in English:

• the fact that...

Be careful not to confuse this ότι with ό,τι:

• ότι = that
• ό,τι = whatever / anything that

They are different words.

Greek often leaves out subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows the person and number.

Here:

• έχει = he/she/it has
• κάνει = he/she/it does

So Greek does not need to say:

• Αυτός έχει...
• Αυτός κάνει...

unless the speaker wants emphasis or contrast.

This is very normal in Greek. English usually requires he/she, but Greek usually does not.

Both are in the present tense, 3rd person singular:

• έχει = he/she has
• κάνει = he/she does / is doing

This can describe:

• a current situation
• a general rule/context
• something happening now

Greek present tense here works much like English present.

Also note:

• κάνει comes from κάνω = do / make
• έχει comes from έχω = have

Αδικαιολόγητη απουσία means unjustified absence or unexcused absence.

Breaking it down:

• απουσία = absence
• αδικαιολόγητη = unjustified / unexcused

This is common in school or administrative contexts, where an absence may be:

• δικαιολογημένη = justified / excused
• αδικαιολόγητη = unjustified / unexcused

So the phrase suggests the person missed something without an accepted reason.

Because the adjective must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

Here:

• απουσία is feminine singular
• so the adjective must also be feminine singular

That is why we get:

• αδικαιολόγητη απουσία

Agreement:

• masculine: αδικαιολόγητος
• feminine: αδικαιολόγητη
• neuter: αδικαιολόγητο

Since απουσία is feminine, αδικαιολόγητη is the correct form.

Because the phrase is being used in an indefinite sense.

• έχει αδικαιολόγητη απουσία = he/she has an unjustified absence

Greek does not have a separate word for a/an, so an indefinite noun often appears without an article.

Compare:

• έχει αδικαιολόγητη απουσία = has an unjustified absence
• έχει την αδικαιολόγητη απουσία would sound much more specific and unusual in this context

So no article here is perfectly natural.

In Greek, κάνω is used very broadly and often means do, make, or complete.

So:

• κάνει τη γραπτή εργασία means something like does/completes the written assignment

Even though the assignment is written, Greek may still use κάνω rather than γράφω depending on context.

Compare:

• κάνει τη γραπτή εργασία = does/completes the written work
• γράφει τη γραπτή εργασία = writes the written work

Both can make sense, but κάνει often focuses on carrying out the task, not specifically on the physical act of writing.

Because here the noun phrase is treated as a specific object:

• τη γραπτή εργασία = the written assignment / the written work

The speaker likely means a particular assignment already known from the context.

Also note the form:

• τη(ν) is the feminine accusative singular article
• before γρ-, Greek often uses the shorter spoken/written form τη
• την is also possible in many contexts, depending on style and pronunciation

So:

• κάνει τη γραπτή εργασία = he/she does the written assignment

Γραπτή εργασία means written assignment, written work, or sometimes paper, depending on context.

Breaking it down:

• γραπτή = written
• εργασία = work / assignment

In school or university contexts, εργασία often means:

• assignment
• project
• coursework

So γραπτή εργασία is specifically work that must be submitted in written form.

The comma separates the introductory subordinate clause from the main clause.

Structure:

• Παρά το γεγονός ότι έχει αδικαιολόγητη απουσία,
• κάνει τη γραπτή εργασία.

So the first part sets up the contrast, and the second part gives the main statement.

This is similar to English punctuation in a sentence like:

• Although he/she has an unexcused absence, he/she does the written assignment.

The comma helps readability and marks the transition from the subordinate idea to the main one.

Yes. Greek word order is more flexible than English, although some orders sound more natural than others.

The given sentence is perfectly natural:

• Παρά το γεγονός ότι έχει αδικαιολόγητη απουσία, κάνει τη γραπτή εργασία.

You could also put the main clause first:

• Κάνει τη γραπτή εργασία, παρά το γεγονός ότι έχει αδικαιολόγητη απουσία.

That still works, but it changes the emphasis slightly:

• the original version foregrounds the contrast first
• the reordered version foregrounds the action first

So the word order is not random; it affects focus and style.

It sounds fairly formal or administrative, mainly because of:

• παρά το γεγονός ότι
• αδικαιολόγητη απουσία
• γραπτή εργασία

These are all natural Greek, but together they sound like school, official, or written language rather than casual conversation.

A more everyday version might be:

• Αν και έχει αδικαιολόγητη απουσία, κάνει τη γραπτή εργασία.

That is slightly simpler and more conversational, while keeping the same basic meaning.