Η διάτρηση φαίνεται καθαρά.

Η is the definite article meaning the. Here it agrees with διάτρηση, which is a feminine singular noun in the nominative case.

So:

• η = the for feminine singular nouns
• διάτρηση = the subject of the sentence

Greek uses the definite article more regularly than English in many contexts, so seeing it here is very natural.

Διάτρηση is:

• feminine
• singular
• nominative

It is nominative because it is the subject of the verb φαίνεται.

The article helps you see this too:

• η διάτρηση = feminine singular nominative

Φαίνεται is the 3rd person singular present form of φαίνομαι.

It means things like:

• appears
• is visible
• can be seen
• sometimes seems, depending on context

In this sentence, it means that the subject is visible or can be seen clearly.

So grammatically:

• verb: φαίνομαι
• form: φαίνεται
• person/number: he/she/it appears → here it appears / is visible

It looks like a passive or middle form because it comes from φαίνομαι, which is a verb used in middle/passive endings.

But in meaning, it is often not a true passive in the same way English uses passive forms. In many contexts, φαίνομαι behaves like a normal verb meaning:

• appear
• seem
• be visible

So in this sentence, it is best understood as:

• is visible
• can be seen

rather than as a full passive construction with an agent.

Καθαρά is an adverb. It modifies the verb φαίνεται and tells you how something appears.

So it means:

• clearly

It does not describe the noun directly. It describes the manner of appearing.

Structure:

• η διάτρηση = subject
• φαίνεται = verb
• καθαρά = adverb

Because καθαρά is an adverb, while καθαρή would be a feminine adjective.

Compare:

• η διάτρηση είναι καθαρή = the perforation is clean

  • here καθαρή is an adjective describing διάτρηση

• η διάτρηση φαίνεται καθαρά = the perforation appears clearly / is clearly visible

  • here καθαρά is an adverb modifying φαίνεται

A very useful clue is agreement:

• if it described διάτρηση, it would need feminine singular agreement: καθαρή
• since it stays καθαρά, it is functioning adverbially

Yes, forms like καθαρά can sometimes look identical to other adjective forms, but here it is clearly an adverb because of the sentence structure.

In this sentence:

• διάτρηση is feminine singular
• an adjective agreeing with it would be καθαρή
• therefore καθαρά cannot be agreeing with the noun here

So even though the form may resemble other adjective forms, its job in this sentence is adverbial.

Greek word order is more flexible than English word order. The sentence as written is a very natural, neutral order:

• Η διάτρηση = topic/subject first
• φαίνεται = verb
• καθαρά = adverb after the verb

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Φαίνεται καθαρά η διάτρηση
• Καθαρά φαίνεται η διάτρηση

These alternatives are not random: they shift the emphasis or sound more context-dependent. The given order is straightforward and neutral.

In Greek, φαίνεται can mean both, depending on context.

Common uses:

• seems
• appears
• is visible
• can be seen

In this sentence, because it is followed by καθαρά and the subject is something concrete, the most natural sense is:

• is clearly visible
• can be seen clearly

If the sentence were about an opinion or conclusion, seems might fit better.

No, there is no direct object here.

The sentence has:

• a subject: η διάτρηση
• a verb: φαίνεται
• an adverb: καθαρά

So this is not a verb acting on an object. Instead, it describes the subject as appearing or being visible in a certain way.

It is pronounced approximately dhee-A-tree-see in English-style approximation, with the stress on -ά-:

• δι = dhee
• ά = stressed A
• τρη = tree
• ση = see

A more careful approximation is:

• thya-TREE-see or dhee-A-tree-see, depending on how finely you want to imitate Greek pronunciation

The important thing for a learner is:

• the stress is on the second syllable
• η at the end is pronounced like ee

The dictionary forms are:

• η → the feminine singular definite article
• διάτρηση → noun, dictionary form already shown here
• φαίνεται → from φαίνομαι
• καθαρά → adverb from καθαρά / καθαρός family, related to clear / clean

So if you were looking them up:

• noun: διάτρηση
• verb: φαίνομαι
• adverb: καθαρά

Yes. Even if the meaning has already been given, it is useful to know that Greek often allows several natural English renderings.

Depending on context, this could come out as:

• The perforation is clearly visible
• The perforation can be seen clearly
• The perforation appears clearly
• The perforation shows clearly

The Greek structure stays the same, but English may choose slightly different wording depending on whether the context is medical, technical, visual, or descriptive.