Buwanang badyet ito.

Buwanang means monthly.

It is related to buwan, which means month. So buwanang badyet means monthly budget.

In this sentence, buwanang is describing badyet, just like monthly describes budget in English.

The base form is buwanan, which can mean monthly.

When it directly modifies a noun, Filipino normally uses a linker to connect the modifier and the noun. Since buwanan ends in n, the linker shows up as -g, so:

buwanan + -g + badyet → buwanang badyet

So buwanang badyet is the correct connected form for monthly budget.

This -g is not the same thing as the separate word ng used elsewhere in Filipino grammar.

Because Filipino modifiers like adjectives normally come before the noun they describe.

So:

buwanang badyet = monthly budget
not budget monthly

This is the usual word order for adjective + noun in Filipino.

Because Filipino often uses predicate-first word order.

So Buwanang badyet ito is a very normal Filipino sentence pattern. Literally, it is structured more like:

Monthly budget this.

But in natural English, that becomes This is a monthly budget.

The part buwanang badyet is the predicate, and ito is the demonstrative pronoun referring to the thing being identified.

Yes. In sentences like this, Filipino usually does not need a separate present-tense verb meaning is.

So:

Buwanang badyet ito
naturally means
This is a monthly budget

English needs is, but Filipino often leaves it out in simple identification sentences.

Ito usually means this.

In Buwanang badyet ito, it points to something near the speaker, either physically or in the conversation. So the most direct sense is:

This is a monthly budget.

Sometimes English may translate it more loosely as it, depending on context, but the core meaning of ito is this.

Yes. Both are correct.

You can say:

Buwanang badyet ito.
Ito ay buwanang badyet.
Ito'y buwanang badyet.

They mean basically the same thing.

A simple difference in feel:

• Buwanang badyet ito sounds very natural and common.
• Ito ay buwanang badyet can sound a little more formal or textbook-like.
• Ito'y buwanang badyet is just the contracted form of Ito ay buwanang badyet.

Filipino does not use articles in the same way English does.

So Buwanang badyet ito can often be translated as:

This is a monthly budget

Depending on context, it could sometimes be understood more specifically, but the sentence itself does not mark a and the the way English does.

If you want a more definite, identifying feel, you will often see ang, as in:

Ito ang buwanang badyet.

That is closer to This is the monthly budget or This is the monthly budget we are talking about, depending on context.

Badyet is a borrowed word, adapted from English budget.

This is very common in Filipino. Many modern everyday words come from English or Spanish and are spelled in a way that fits Filipino pronunciation.

So badyet is completely normal and natural Filipino usage.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

bu-WA-nang BAD-yet I-to

A few notes:

• buwanang has three syllables: bu-wa-nang
• the ng sound at the end of buwanang is like the ng in sing
• badyet is roughly BAD-yet
• ito is I-to

If you say it smoothly, it sounds roughly like:

bu-WA-nang BAD-yet I-to

Yes. They change the distance or pointing sense.

• ito = this near the speaker
• iyan = that near the listener
• iyon or 'yon = that over there, farther from both

So:

Buwanang badyet ito. = This is a monthly budget.
Buwanang badyet iyan. = That is a monthly budget.
Buwanang badyet iyon. = That over there is a monthly budget.

So the grammar stays the same, but the demonstrative changes.