امروز به بیمارستان رفتم، چون از صبح سرم درد میکرد.

به usually marks direction or destination, so به بیمارستان رفتم means I went to the hospital or more literally I went to the hospital/toward the hospital.

In Persian, when you say you go to a place, به is very common:

• به مدرسه رفتم — I went to school
• به خانه برگشتم — I returned home
• به تهران می‌روم — I am going to Tehran

In everyday speech, native speakers sometimes drop به in some sentences, but using it here is completely standard and clear.

Persian normally prefers subject–object/complement–verb word order, so the verb often comes at the end of the clause.

Here the first clause is:

• امروز به بیمارستان رفتم
• literally: Today to the hospital went-I

That may feel backwards to an English speaker, but it is normal Persian structure.

A few examples:

• من کتاب خواندم — I read a book
• دیروز به بازار رفتیم — Yesterday we went to the market

So رفتم at the end is exactly what you should expect in Persian.

رفتم is the simple past of رفتن and means I went.

• رفتم — I went
• می‌رفتم — I was going / I used to go / I would go

In this sentence, the speaker is talking about one completed action today: going to the hospital. So رفتم is the right choice.

If you said به بیمارستان می‌رفتم, it would suggest something more ongoing, habitual, or incomplete, which does not fit as well here.

چون means because.

Yes, it can connect two clauses just like English because:

• امروز به بیمارستان رفتم، چون از صبح سرم درد می‌کرد.
• Today I went to the hospital, because my head had been hurting since morning.

You can also put the چون clause first:

• چون از صبح سرم درد می‌کرد، امروز به بیمارستان رفتم.

Both are natural. The version in your sentence is very common in speech and writing.

از صبح literally means from morning or since the morning. In natural English, it usually corresponds to since this morning or all morning since morning began.

So:

• از صبح سرم درد می‌کرد
  means
• My head had been hurting since morning / since this morning

Other similar time expressions:

• از دیروز — since yesterday
• از هفته‌ی پیش — since last week
• از کودکی — since childhood

Actually, سرم درد می‌کرد is exactly the normal Persian way to say my head was hurting.

Let’s break it down:

• سرم = my head
• درد می‌کرد = was hurting / hurt

This is a very common Persian pattern:

• دستم درد می‌کند — My hand hurts
• پام درد می‌کرد — My leg was hurting
• چشمم درد می‌کند — My eye hurts

So Persian often expresses body pain with:

[body part] + درد کردن

That is one of the most useful patterns to learn.

The -م is the enclitic possessive pronoun meaning my.

So:

• سر — head
• سرم — my head

Other examples:

• دستم — my hand
• چشمم — my eye
• خانه‌ام / خونه‌م — my house

These endings are very common in Persian:

• -م — my
• -ت — your
• -ش — his/her/its
• -مان — our
• -تان — your
• -شان — their

So سرم درد می‌کرد literally contains my head built directly into the noun.

Literally, درد می‌کرد means was doing pain or was causing pain, but you should treat it as the normal Persian verbal expression for hurt / ache / be painful.

It comes from:

• درد — pain
• کردن — to do
• می‌کرد — was doing / used to do

In real usage, though, it simply means:

• hurt
• was hurting
• ached
• was aching

So in this sentence, سرم درد می‌کرد naturally means:

• my head hurt
• my head was hurting
• I had a headache

depending on context.

Because the sentence describes a condition that was happening earlier and explains why the speaker went to the hospital.

Compare:

• سرم درد می‌کند — My head hurts / is hurting
• سرم درد می‌کرد — My head hurt / was hurting

Since the person already went to the hospital, the headache is being described as the reason in the past. That is why می‌کرد fits.

They are very close, but not exactly identical in form.

• سرم درد می‌کرد — my head was hurting
• سردرد داشتم — I had a headache

Both are natural and common.

A small nuance:

• سرم درد می‌کرد focuses on the head hurting
• سردرد داشتم uses the noun سردرد meaning headache

In many everyday situations, either one works.

For example:

• از صبح سرم درد می‌کرد
• از صبح سردرد داشتم

Both can mean I had a headache since this morning.

Persian does not use articles the same way English does.

بیمارستان by itself can mean:

• hospital
• the hospital
• a hospital

The exact meaning depends on context.

So:

• به بیمارستان رفتم

can naturally be translated as:

• I went to the hospital
• I went to a hospital

In this sentence, English usually prefers the hospital, but Persian does not need a separate word for that.

If needed, Persian can make things more specific in other ways, but very often the noun alone is enough.

In colloquial Persian, some speakers may shorten destination phrases, but به بیمارستان رفتم is the safer and more standard form for learners.

So:

• به بیمارستان رفتم — standard and clear

You may hear more casual speech where little words get reduced or dropped, but as a learner, it is best to keep به here.

It is basically neutral and natural. It works well in everyday spoken or written Persian.

A couple of small points:

• بیمارستان is standard in both speech and writing.
• می‌کرد is also standard.
• In casual speech, pronunciation may become a bit more relaxed, but the sentence itself is not unusually formal.

So this is a very good model sentence for everyday Persian.

می‌کرد is pronounced roughly mi-kard.

The little mark you see between می and کرد is not a vowel mark. It is a writing feature called the zero-width non-joiner, which keeps the parts visually separate in standard Persian spelling.

So:

• می‌کرد
• pronounced: mi-kard

You do not need to pronounce a pause there. It simply helps the word be written correctly.

The same thing appears in many verbs:

• می‌روم — I go / I am going
• می‌خواند — he/she reads / was reading, depending on context
• نمی‌دانم — I don’t know

Yes. امروز is flexible because time expressions often move around in Persian.

Your sentence has:

• امروز به بیمارستان رفتم، چون از صبح سرم درد می‌کرد.

But you could also say:

• به بیمارستان امروز رفتم، چون از صبح سرم درد می‌کرد.
• چون از صبح سرم درد می‌کرد، امروز به بیمارستان رفتم.

The first version, with امروز at the beginning, is very natural and common. It sets the time right away, which is often helpful.

The comma is helpful, but in Persian punctuation is sometimes less rigid than in English.

Here it separates the main clause from the reason clause:

• امروز به بیمارستان رفتم، چون از صبح سرم درد می‌کرد.

Without the comma, the sentence is still understandable. With the comma, it is easier to read.

So it is a good punctuation choice, especially in writing.