سگ همسایه ما با گربه ما بازی میکند.

A careful standard reading is:

sag-e hamsāye-ye mā bā gorbe-ye mā bāzi mikonad

If you write in fully marked form for learners, it would look like:

سگِ همسایهٔ ما با گربهٔ ما بازی می‌کند

In everyday speech, the last word is often pronounced more colloquially as mikone instead of the formal mikonad.

Persian usually shows possession by putting the thing possessed first and the owner after it.

So:

سگ همسایه ما = dog + neighbor + our

That means the dog of our neighbor, or more naturally in English, our neighbor’s dog.

This is different from English, where the owner often comes first with ’s.

Because in Persian, possessors normally come after the noun they belong to.

So:

گربهٔ ما = our cat
literally: cat our

همسایهٔ ما = our neighbor
literally: neighbor our

This is a very normal Persian pattern. English says our cat, but Persian says cat our.

Yes. That linking sound is called ezafe.

In this sentence, Persian speakers pronounce a linking -e or -ye between connected words:

• سگِ همسایه
• همسایهٔ ما
• گربهٔ ما

Ezafe often is not written in ordinary Persian spelling, but it is still understood and pronounced. That is why learners often feel there is an invisible grammar marker in sentences like this.

No. In this sentence, همسایه is just one full word meaning neighbor.

Even though it starts with the letters هم, you should not analyze it here as the separate word هم meaning also. Native speakers hear همسایه as a single vocabulary item.

با means with, and the verb phrase here is:

بازی کردن با = to play with

So با گربهٔ ما means with our cat.

There is no را because گربهٔ ما is not a direct object here. It is inside a prepositional phrase introduced by با. In Persian, را is used for definite direct objects, not for objects of prepositions.

In Persian, many actions are expressed with a compound verb or light-verb construction.

Here:

• بازی = play / game
• کردن = to do

So:

بازی کردن = to play

Then می‌کند is the conjugated part of کردن. So the whole verb phrase literally looks something like does play, but naturally it means plays / is playing.

می- is an imperfective marker. In the present tense, it often gives meanings like:

• plays
• is playing
• does play

The exact English translation depends on context.

So بازی می‌کند can mean either:

• plays in a general or habitual sense
• is playing in a current situation

If Persian wants to be very explicit about an action happening right now, it can also use:

دارد بازی می‌کند = is playing

Because Persian normally prefers subject–object/complement–verb order.

In this sentence:

• سگ همسایه ما = subject
• با گربه ما = prepositional phrase
• بازی می‌کند = verb

So the verb naturally comes last.

This is one of the biggest word-order differences from English.

Persian does not use a normal definite article like English the.

So nouns often appear without any article at all, and context tells you whether they are definite or indefinite.

In this sentence, the nouns are already made specific by possession:

• our neighbor’s dog
• our cat

So Persian does not need a separate word for the.

If Persian wants to make something clearly indefinite, it can use یک or sometimes -ی.

Yes, you may see that in informal typing, but the standard spelling is:

می‌کند

Modern standard Persian normally writes می attached to the verb with a half-space. Many people skip that in casual writing and type میکند or می کند, but the most correct standard form is می‌کند.

A helpful breakdown is:

سگِ همسایهٔ ما = our neighbor’s dog
با گربهٔ ما = with our cat
بازی می‌کند = plays / is playing

So the whole pattern is:

[subject] + [prepositional phrase] + [verb]

That is a very common Persian sentence structure, and this sentence is a good example of possession, ezafe, a preposition, and a compound verb all working together.