او امروز به دکتر میرود، چون بیمار است.

او means he or she. Persian third-person singular does not show gender, so the same word is used for both.

So:

• او = he / she

You understand the gender only from context.

A learner should also know that in everyday spoken Persian, people often say اون instead of او.

Yes. Persian often drops subject pronouns when the verb already shows who the subject is.

So this sentence could also be:

• امروز به دکتر می‌رود، چون بیمار است.

That still means He/She is going to the doctor today, because he/she is sick.

Including او makes the subject more explicit. It can sound a bit more formal, careful, or emphatic.

امروز means today.

In this sentence:

• او امروز به دکتر می‌رود = He/She is going to the doctor today

Persian word order is fairly flexible with time expressions, so امروز can move around more easily than in English, as long as the sentence still sounds natural.

For example:

• او امروز به دکتر می‌رود
• امروز او به دکتر می‌رود

Both are possible, though they may differ slightly in emphasis.

به usually means to.

With a verb of motion like رفتن (to go), به marks the destination:

• به دکتر = to the doctor

So:

• به مدرسه = to school
• به خانه = home / to the house
• به دکتر = to the doctor

In natural English, go to the doctor can mean go to see the doctor or go to the doctor’s office, and Persian works similarly here.

Persian does not use articles the same way English does.

English needs:

• a doctor
• the doctor

Persian often leaves that unstated and lets context do the work:

• دکتر can mean a doctor, the doctor, or just doctor in a general sense.

In this sentence, English naturally translates it as the doctor, but Persian does not need a separate word for that.

می‌رود is the verb goes / is going.

It comes from رفتن (to go).

A simple breakdown is:

• می‌- = an ongoing, habitual, or non-past marker
• رود = the 3rd person singular form of the verb stem used here

So:

• می‌رود = he/she goes, he/she is going

A very useful thing to know is that the standard spelling is usually:

• می‌رود

You may also see:

• میرود

But می‌رود is the more standard modern written form.

It can mean different things depending on context.

می‌رود often covers:

• goes (habitual)
• is going (present/progressive-like meaning in context)
• sometimes a near-future idea, like will go

Here, because of امروز (today), English would often translate it as:

• is going to the doctor today or
• will go to the doctor today

So this is a good example of how one Persian verb form can match more than one English tense.

چون means because or sometimes since.

It introduces the reason:

• چون بیمار است = because he/she is sick

So the structure is:

• main clause + چون
  • reason clause

Here:

• او امروز به دکتر می‌رود، چون بیمار است.
• He/She is going to the doctor today, because he/she is sick.

You can also put the reason first:

• چون بیمار است، امروز به دکتر می‌رود.
• Because he/she is sick, he/she is going to the doctor today.

In Persian, adjectives can be used with the verb است (is) to make a full sentence.

So:

• بیمار = sick / ill
• است = is

Together:

• بیمار است = is sick

This is very normal Persian sentence structure.

Other examples:

• خسته است = is tired
• آماده است = is ready
• بزرگ است = is big

So بیمار است is simply the standard way to say is sick.

Because Persian often leaves out pronouns when they are already understood from context.

The full version could be:

• چون او بیمار است

But that is usually unnecessary here. Once the subject has been established, Persian commonly omits it.

So:

• چون بیمار است naturally means because he/she is sick

This is very normal and common.

In formal writing, yes, است is perfectly normal.

In everyday spoken Persian, people often use shorter colloquial forms instead. For example:

• بیمار است → more formal/written
• بیماره → everyday spoken Persian

So a spoken version of the whole sentence might sound more like:

• اون امروز می‌ره دکتر، چون بیماره.

That means the same thing, but it sounds much more conversational.

A careful formal pronunciation would be approximately:

• u emruz be doktor miravad, چون bimâr ast

A more natural everyday spoken pronunciation would often be closer to:

• un emruz mire doktor, چون bimâre

A learner should know that written Persian is often more formal than everyday speech, especially with verbs like می‌رود and with است.

The comma separates the main statement from the reason clause:

• او امروز به دکتر می‌رود = main clause
• چون بیمار است = reason clause

This is similar to English punctuation before because, although punctuation practices can vary. In Persian, the comma here is helpful and natural, but writing styles are not always perfectly consistent.

The important point is grammatical:

• the first part tells what happens
• the second part explains why