Evidente la eklipso ŝanĝas la horaron.

Because -e is the normal ending for an adverb in Esperanto.

Here evidente modifies the whole statement, not a noun. It means something like evidently, obviously, or clearly.

Compare:

• evidenta = evident, obvious — an adjective
• evidente = evidently, obviously — an adverb

So in this sentence, Evidente comments on the whole situation.

La is Esperanto’s definite article, meaning the.

So:

• la eklipso = the eclipse
• la horaron = the schedule

Esperanto uses la when the noun is definite or specific, just like English the. There is no separate word for a/an in ordinary Esperanto.

The -n marks the direct object. It shows what is being changed.

In this sentence:

• la eklipso = the subject, the thing doing the action
• ŝanĝas = changes
• la horaron = the direct object, the thing being changed

So -n tells you that the schedule receives the action.

Because eklipso is the subject, not the direct object.

In Esperanto, the direct object usually takes -n, but the subject does not.

So:

• la eklipso = the eclipse does the changing
• la horaron = the schedule gets changed

That is why only horaron has -n.

In Esperanto, verbs do not change according to the subject.

The ending -as always means present tense:

• mi ŝanĝas = I change
• vi ŝanĝas = you change
• la eklipso ŝanĝas = the eclipse changes

So unlike English, Esperanto does not need a special form like changes for third-person singular. Everyone uses -as in the present.

It is:

• ŝanĝ- = the verb root, related to changing
• -as = present tense

So ŝanĝas means changes / is changing.

Some useful related forms are:

• ŝanĝi = to change
• ŝanĝis = changed
• ŝanĝos = will change
• ŝanĝu = change! / let ... change
• ŝanĝus = would change

No. In this word, eklipso is a single root borrowed from the international word eclipse.

That matters because Esperanto also has a real prefix ek-, which often means to begin suddenly or briefly start an action, as in:

• ekkuri = to start running
• ekpluvi = to begin raining

But eklipso is not ek- + lipso. It is just the noun eklipso.

Ŝ is pronounced like English sh.

So ŝanĝas begins with the same sound as:

• ship
• show

A rough pronunciation is something like SHAHN-jas, though Esperanto pronunciation is more regular than English.

Also, ĝ in ŝanĝas sounds like the j in judge.

Horaro is built from smaller parts:

• hor- = hour, time
• -ar- = a collection or group
• -o = noun ending

So horaro literally suggests a collection/arrangement of times or hours, which is why it means schedule or timetable.

This is a very common Esperanto pattern: a root plus -ar- to mean a set or collection.

Yes, Esperanto word order is fairly flexible, especially because the -n ending helps show the object.

The most neutral order here is:

• Evidente la eklipso ŝanĝas la horaron.

But you could also see things like:

• La eklipso evidente ŝanĝas la horaron.
• La horaron evidente ŝanĝas la eklipso.

Those versions may shift emphasis, but the -n on horaron still shows that it is the object.

Usually evidente is closer to evidently, obviously, or clearly, often suggesting that the speaker sees the fact as plain or obvious.

If you want apparently in the sense of it seems so, but I’m not fully certain, Esperanto often uses ŝajne instead.

So:

• evidente = obviously / clearly / evidently
• ŝajne = apparently / seemingly

That distinction is useful, because English evidently and apparently sometimes overlap, but Esperanto often keeps them more separate.

Because ŝanĝi can be used transitively here: something changes something else.

So:

• la eklipso ŝanĝas la horaron = the eclipse changes the schedule

If you wanted to say that the schedule changes by itself, you would more likely use an intransitive form such as:

• la horaro ŝanĝiĝas = the schedule is changing / changes

So the sentence uses ŝanĝas because there is a clear object: la horaron.