Tandbylden bliver større.

Danish very often forms compound nouns as a single word.

• tand = tooth
• byld = abscess, boil
• tandbyld = tooth abscess / dental abscess

Then -en is added to make it definite:

• tandbyld = a dental abscess
• tandbylden = the dental abscess

So tandbylden is literally the tooth-abscess.

In Danish, the definite article is usually attached to the end of the noun instead of appearing as a separate word before it.

Here:

• byld = abscess
• bylden = the abscess
• tandbylden = the dental abscess

This is very common in Danish. English says the dental abscess, but Danish often builds the the into the noun itself.

Here bliver means becomes or gets.

It comes from the verb blive, which often means:

• to become
• to get
• sometimes to stay/remain, depending on context

In this sentence, Tandbylden bliver større means the abscess is changing state: it is getting bigger.

So this is not the English-style future will be meaning. It is about change.

Because større is the comparative form of stor.

• stor = big
• større = bigger
• størst = biggest

Since the sentence says the abscess is increasing in size, Danish uses the comparative:

• Den er stor = It is big
• Den bliver større = It gets bigger

Yes. In natural English, it can often be translated as:

• gets bigger
• is becoming bigger
• becomes bigger

The most natural everyday translation is often gets bigger. Danish present tense can cover this kind of ongoing change very naturally.

The basic order here is:

subject + verb + adjective

• Tandbylden = subject
• bliver = verb
• større = adjective/complement

So:

• Tandbylden bliver større.
• The dental abscess gets bigger.

This is a normal main-clause word order in Danish.

Yes, but it means something slightly different.

• Tandbylden bliver større = The dental abscess is getting bigger / becomes bigger
• Tandbylden er større = The dental abscess is bigger

So bliver focuses on change, while er simply describes the current state.

The ending -en shows that it is singular definite for a common-gender noun.

• en tandbyld = a dental abscess
• tandbylden = the dental abscess

If it were plural, it would look different. So here it is clearly talking about one specific abscess.

A rough guide is:

TAND-byl-den

A few helpful notes:

• tand sounds a bit like English tan(d), but with a Danish d
• byld contains the Danish y, which does not exist in English; it is a rounded front vowel
• -en is the definite ending and is usually spoken lightly

A rough English-friendly approximation might be TAND-bül-den, but that is only approximate.

A rough guide is:

STUR-uh or STER-uh, depending on how close you want to get to Danish pronunciation

Important points:

• ø is a Danish vowel that English does not have exactly
• the rr affects the vowel quality and sound
• the final -e is usually a light unstressed sound

A learner does not need a perfect English equivalent, but it helps to know that ø is not the same as o.

Because stor has its own comparative form: større.

In Danish, many common adjectives form the comparative directly:

• stor → større
• lille → mindre
• gammel → ældre or mere gammel in some contexts, though ældre is standard for age

So for this sentence, større is the correct natural form, not mere stor.

Yes. Bliver is present tense.

• blive = infinitive
• bliver = present tense
• blev = past tense
• er blevet = has become / has gotten

So Tandbylden bliver større is a present-tense sentence describing what is happening now or generally.