Læseplanen slutter med kapitlet.

Because Danish usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like the.

• læseplan = curriculum / syllabus / reading plan
• læseplanen = the curriculum / the syllabus

The ending -en is the definite ending for many common gender nouns.

For the same reason: Danish often adds definiteness directly to the noun.

• kapitel = chapter
• kapitlet = the chapter

Here, -et is the definite ending for a neuter noun.

So English says the chapter, but Danish says kapitlet.

Because in Danish, the definite article is usually attached to the noun as a suffix.

So instead of:

• the curriculum
• the chapter

Danish uses:

• læseplanen
• kapitlet

This is one of the biggest structural differences from English.

Slutter is the present tense of the verb at slutte.

• at slutte = to end / to finish
• slutter = ends / finishes

So:

• Læseplanen slutter med kapitlet = The curriculum ends with the chapter

Here med means with, and the expression slutte med means to end with.

So:

• slutter med kapitlet = ends with the chapter

This works much like English. The preposition is part of the meaning here, not just an optional extra word.

Yes. This is a very standard Danish main-clause word order:

• Læseplanen = subject
• slutter = verb
• med kapitlet = prepositional phrase

So it follows the normal pattern:

subject + verb + other information

That makes this a very straightforward sentence.

The base forms are:

• læseplan = curriculum / syllabus / reading plan
• kapitel = chapter

In the sentence, they appear in their definite singular forms:

• læseplanen = the curriculum
• kapitlet = the chapter

It depends on the noun’s grammatical gender.

• common gender nouns usually take -en in the definite singular
• neuter nouns usually take -et in the definite singular

So here:

• en læseplan → læseplanen
• et kapitel → kapitlet

A good habit is to learn nouns together with their indefinite article:

• en læseplan
• et kapitel

That makes the definite form much easier to build.

Yes, in many contexts ender med can also work, since at ende also means to end.

However, slutte med is very natural here and often feels like finish with or conclude with.

Very roughly:

• slutte med = finish/end with
• ende med = end up ending with / end with

Both can be correct, but slutter med is a very normal choice.

The letter æ is a vowel sound that does not exist exactly the same way in English. It is often somewhat like the vowel in cat, but the exact sound depends on accent and surrounding sounds.

A rough learner-friendly breakdown:

• læseplanen ≈ LEH-seh-pla-nen
• kapitlet ≈ ka-PI-tlet or ka-PID-let depending on pronunciation style

The important thing is not to pronounce æ like English ay. It is a more open front vowel.

Because kapitel is one of the nouns whose definite singular form is conventionally kapitlet.

Danish does not always form these endings in a way that looks fully predictable from an English-speaking learner’s point of view. Some neuter nouns ending in -el or similar patterns can change slightly when the definite ending is added.

So the correct form is:

• et kapitel
• kapitlet

This is something you mostly learn through exposure and vocabulary practice.

You would use the indefinite form:

• et kapitel = a chapter

So compare:

• med kapitlet = with the chapter
• med et kapitel = with a chapter

That is another useful contrast to notice:

• kapitel = chapter
• et kapitel = a chapter
• kapitlet = the chapter