Evakueringsplanen hænger på væggen.

Because Danish, like English, often makes compound nouns by joining words together.
Here, evakueringsplan means evacuation plan:

• evakuering = evacuation
• plan = plan

When they combine, it becomes evakueringsplan. Then Danish adds the definite ending -en, giving evakueringsplanen = the evacuation plan.

So the whole word means the evacuation plan.

The ending -en is the usual definite article for many common nouns in Danish. Instead of putting the in front of the noun, Danish often adds it to the end.

So:

• en evakueringsplan = an evacuation plan
• evakueringsplanen = the evacuation plan

The same thing happens in væggen:

• en væg = a wall
• væggen = the wall

Because Danish usually expresses the by attaching it to the noun as a suffix.

Compare:

• English: the wall

• Danish: væggen

• English: the evacuation plan
• Danish: evakueringsplanen

A separate definite word can appear in some other structures, especially with adjectives, but not in this simple sentence.

Hænger is the present tense of at hænge = to hang.

So:

• at hænge = to hang
• hænger = hangs / is hanging

In this sentence, it describes where the evacuation plan is and how it is positioned: it is hanging on the wall.

Danish often prefers a more specific verb for the position of something.

So:

• Evakueringsplanen er på væggen = The evacuation plan is on the wall
• Evakueringsplanen hænger på væggen = The evacuation plan is hanging on the wall

The second version is more natural if the object is attached vertically, like a poster, sign, or frame. Danish commonly uses position verbs such as:

• står = stands
• ligger = lies
• sidder = is fixed/attached
• hænger = hangs

På usually means on, and it is the normal choice for something located on a wall.

So:

• på væggen = on the wall

This is very close to English usage here. If something is physically attached or displayed on the surface of the wall, på is the expected preposition.

The sentence follows normal Danish main-clause word order:

• Evakueringsplanen = subject
• hænger = verb
• på væggen = prepositional phrase showing location

So the structure is:

Subject + verb + place

That is very similar to English:

The evacuation plan + hangs/is hanging + on the wall

The most important thing for an English speaker is the vowel æ, which is a front vowel somewhat like the vowel in English cat, but not exactly the same.

A rough guide:

• hænger sounds roughly like HEN-ger, but with a more open e/a-like vowel
• væggen sounds roughly like VEG-en, again with the Danish æ

A few useful notes:

• æ is not pronounced like English ay
• the g in væggen is softer than many English speakers expect
• Danish pronunciation is often less fully pronounced than spelling suggests

If you are learning pronunciation, it is best to listen to native audio, because Danish vowels and soft consonants can be tricky.

Evakueringsplanen hænger på væggen is a correct and natural sentence.

It works especially well when you are simply stating the location of the evacuation plan. For example:

• someone asks where it is
• you are describing a room
• you are pointing it out for safety reasons

If you wanted to focus more generally on location without the idea of hanging, you could say Evakueringsplanen er på væggen, but hænger is more precise and often more natural.

Because the sentence refers to a specific wall, not just any wall.

• på en væg = on a wall
• på væggen = on the wall

In context, this usually means the relevant wall in the room or building. Danish uses the definite form here just as English would normally say the wall.

Yes, in many contexts you can hear sidder på væggen for something attached to a wall.

There is a slight difference in feel:

• hænger på væggen suggests it is hanging there
• sidder på væggen suggests it is fixed/attached there

For things like signs, posters, and notices, both may be possible depending on context.
For a paper plan posted on a wall, hænger is very natural.