Banenummeret står på banereservationen.

In Danish, the definite article is usually attached to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word.

So:

• banenummeret = the lane/track/platform number
• banereservationen = the lane/track reservation

This is very common in Danish:

• en bil = a car
• bilen = the car
• et hus = a house
• huset = the house

So English uses a separate word (the), but Danish often uses a suffix like -en or -et.

Because Danish nouns have grammatical gender, and the definite ending depends on the gender of the noun.

• et banenummer → banenummeret
• en banereservation → banereservationen

So:

• -et is the usual definite ending for neuter nouns
• -en is the usual definite ending for common-gender nouns

A very important point: in compound nouns, the gender is determined by the last part of the compound.

• banenummer ends with nummer, and nummer is a neuter noun → banenummeret
• banereservation ends with reservation, and reservation is a common-gender noun → banereservationen

The dictionary forms are:

• banenummeret → banenummer
• står → stå
• banereservationen → banereservation

So if you want to look them up, those are the forms you would normally search for.

Literally, står means stands. But in Danish, stå is very often used when information is written, printed, or displayed somewhere.

So står på often means something like:

• is written on
• is printed on
• is shown on
• appears on

That is why Banenummeret står på banereservationen sounds natural in Danish.

If you used er instead, it would sound less idiomatic here. Danish strongly prefers står for written information.

Compare:

• Det står på billetten. = It says / it is written on the ticket.
• Mit navn står på listen. = My name is on the list.

På usually means on, and in this kind of sentence it is used for information appearing on a physical or digital surface, such as:

• a ticket
• a reservation
• a screen
• a list
• a form

So står på banereservationen means that the information is written or shown on the reservation.

This is very natural Danish usage:

• Det står på skærmen.
• Det står på kortet.
• Det står på reservationen.

Yes. Danish writes compound nouns as one word.

So:

• bane
  • reservation = banereservation
• banereservation
  • -en = banereservationen

The same happens in banenummeret:

• bane
  • nummer = banenummer
• banenummer
  • -et = banenummeret

This is very typical of Danish, and English speakers often need time to get used to it because English more often writes similar ideas as separate words.

This is a normal Danish main clause:

• Banenummeret = subject
• står = verb
• på banereservationen = prepositional phrase

So the sentence follows the basic Danish main-clause pattern:

subject + verb + other information

Danish is a V2 language, which means the finite verb normally comes in the second position in main clauses.

That also means you can move another element to the front, but then the verb still stays in second position:

• På banereservationen står banenummeret.

That is also grammatical, but the original sentence is the most neutral version.

Yes, but it would change the meaning.

The sentence you have is about a specific number and a specific reservation:

• banenummeret = the number
• banereservationen = the reservation

If you removed the definite endings, you would get something more general or less specific:

• Et banenummer står på en banereservation.

That would mean something like a lane number is written on a lane reservation, which sounds more like a general statement than a real-life sentence about one particular reservation.

So the definite forms are natural if you are talking about the actual reservation in front of you.

They are built by putting nouns together, with the first noun describing the second.

So:

• banenummer = a number related to a bane
• banereservation = a reservation related to a bane

The final part is the main noun:

• in banenummer, the main noun is nummer
• in banereservation, the main noun is reservation

That is why the last part decides things like gender and definite ending.

This pattern is extremely common in Danish, so learning to recognize the last element of a compound is very useful.

A Danish speaker would process it very naturally as:

• banenummeret = the relevant number
• står på = is written on / appears on
• banereservationen = the reservation document/entry

So grammatically, it is a very ordinary sentence with:

• a definite subject
• a present-tense verb
• a prepositional phrase showing where the information appears

Nothing unusual is happening syntactically; the main things learners usually need to notice are the definite noun endings, the compound nouns, and the idiomatic use of står på for written information.