Skadesomfanget er stort.

Yes. Danish normally writes compound nouns as one word.

skadesomfanget can be broken down like this:

• skade = damage
• -s- = a linking sound/letter often used in compounds
• omfang = extent, scope
• -et = the definite ending for a neuter noun

So the whole word means something like the damage-extent, i.e. the extent of the damage.

The most important part is the last noun, omfang. That is the head of the compound, and it determines the gender and basic meaning of the whole word.

That -s- is a linking element used in many Danish compounds.

It does not mean possession in the same way as English 's. It is just part of how certain compound words are formed. Some compounds have it, and some do not, so it often has to be learned together with the word.

Here it is simply:

• skade
• skadesomfang

So you should think of skadesomfang as the normal compound form.

Because Danish usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun as a suffix.

For example:

• et omfang = an extent
• omfanget = the extent

In a compound, that ending goes on the whole compound:

• et skadesomfang = a damage extent / an extent of damage
• skadesomfanget = the extent of the damage

So Danish often expresses the by adding -et or -en to the noun instead of using a separate word.

Because stort agrees with the noun skadesomfanget, and that noun is neuter.

The base noun is:

• et omfang

Since omfang is neuter, the compound skadesomfang is also neuter.

Adjectives used after er still agree in gender and number:

• en bil er stor
• et hus er stort

So:

• Skadesomfanget er stort

not stor.

This is a very common question.

Even though skadesomfanget is definite, the adjective after er is normally in the predicative form, not the definite -e form.

So you say:

• Skadesomfanget er stort

But when the adjective comes before the noun, you use the definite form:

• det store skadesomfang

So compare:

• det store skadesomfang = adjective before the noun
• skadesomfanget er stort = adjective after er

That contrast is completely normal in Danish.

The adjective stor has these main forms:

• stor = common gender singular
• stort = neuter singular
• store = plural and also definite/attributive contexts

Examples:

• en bil er stor
• et hus er stort
• husene er store
• det store hus

In your sentence, stort is used because skadesomfanget is a singular neuter noun.

No, this sentence has very straightforward word order:

• Skadesomfanget = subject
• er = verb
• stort = predicative adjective

So it follows the basic pattern:

subject + verb + complement

That is very similar to English:

• The extent of the damage is large.

The only broader thing to remember is that Danish is a verb-second language, so if something else comes first, the verb still stays in second position:

• I dag er skadesomfanget stort.

Yes, but it is not exactly the same.

• Skaden er stor = The damage is great/serious
• Skadesomfanget er stort = The extent of the damage is large

The second version is a bit more specific and formal because it focuses on the scope/extent of the damage, not just the damage in general.

A useful learner breakdown is:

ska-de-s-om-fang-et

A few pronunciation tips:

• The d in skade is a soft Danish d, somewhat like the th in this
• The ending -et is usually pronounced quite lightly
• In the compound, there is strong stress near the beginning, and fang also stands out

You do not need a perfect English-style approximation at first; the main thing is to recognize it as one compound word and hear the parts skade + omfang + et.